J Appl Biomed 2:43-49, 2004

Acute toxicity and radioprotective effects of amifostine (WR-2721) or cystamine in single whole body fission neutrons irradiated rats

Pavel Kuna1,*, Milan Dostál2, Otakar Neruda2, Josef Knajfl2, Pavel Petýrek2, František Podzimek2, Jan Severa2, Václav Svoboda3, Jan Šimša2, Stanislav Špelda2, Jiřina Vávrová2, Jindřiška Heřmanská4, Zdeněk Prouza5,6, Pavel Pitterman5,7, Evžen Listík7, Leoš Navrátil1,6, František Spurný8, František Konrád2, Zdena Vilasová1, Renata Havránková1
1 University od South Bohemia, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Department of Radiology and Toxicology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic,
2 Purkyně Military Medical Academy, Department of Radiobiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic,
3 Faculty Hospital, Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic,
4 Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Praha, Czech Republic,
5 National Authority for Nuclear Safety, Praha, Czech Republic,
6 Charles University, 1st Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Praha, Czech Republic,
7 Institute of Nuclear Research, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic,
8 Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic

The radioprotective substances amifostine (WR-2721) and cystamine were tested in rats following their parenteral administration (i.p., i.m., and i.v.). Cystamine is more toxic than amifostine in mice as well as in rats. Amifostine was less toxic after intravenous injection. The radioprotective effects of WR-2721 (160 mg.kg-1) and cystamine (40 mg.kg-1) were not significant when they were administered parenterally 15 - 20 mins before lethal doses of whole body fission neutron irradiation in the thermal column of reactor VVR-S and 30-days lethality served as an integral criterion of postradiation injury to the rat body. The fission neutrons spectrum was characterized by mean energy 0.9-1.0 MeV with 30-40% fluency participation of moderate (E=0.1 MeV) neutrons. The contamination with gamma rays was 22-30 %; the dose rate of whole irradiation was within 0.3 to 0.8 Gy.min-1.

Keywords: amifostine; WR-2721; cystamine; radioprotective effect; fission neutrons irradiation

Received: August 2, 2003; Revised: October 6, 2003; Published: March 31, 2004  Show citation

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Kuna P, Dostál M, Neruda O, Knajfl J, Petýrek P, Podzimek F, et al.. Acute toxicity and radioprotective effects of amifostine (WR-2721) or cystamine in single whole body fission neutrons irradiated rats. J Appl Biomed. 2004;2(1):43-49.
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