Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2011 (vol. 9), issue 4
Original Research Article
Oral melatonin administration and programmed cell death of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and other cell types from rats injected with HL-60 cells
Jonathan Delgado, María del Pilar Terrón, Virginio García-Martinez, Carmen López-Sanchez, Carmen Barriga, José Antonio Pariente, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez
J Appl Biomed 9:197-207, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0006-3 
Recent years have seen mounting evidence for the role of melatonin in mediating programmed cell death, with a protective, anti-apoptotic effect in healthy cells, but an anti-tumoural, pro-apoptotic action in many tumour cells. In this study, we evaluated the effect of melatonin on the programmed cell death induced by thapsigargin (TG), on lymphocytes and neutrophils, and on various tissues obtained from rats injected with human promyelocytic leukæmia cells (HL-60), treated with melatonin in their drinking water (20 μm), and fed ad libitum. Melatonin treatment significantly reduced caspase-3 and -9 activity, and caused the proportions...
Phosphorylation of histone H2AX in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after thoracic irradiation of rats
Radim Havelek, Martina Řezáčová, Zuzana ©inkorová, Lenka Zárybnická, Jaroslav Pejchal, Jiřina Vávrová
J Appl Biomed 9:209-218, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0007-2
Lymphocytes are among the most radiosensitive cells. After exposure of the organism to ionizing radiation, they promptly die by apoptosis at a rate proportional to the dose received. Because of this, they are frequently used in biodosimetry. We demonstrated that one hour after whole-body irradiation of rats, histone H2AX in the lymphocyte nuclei was quickly phosphorylated on serine 139, the phosphorylation process being directly dependent on the gamma radiation dose. In the work presented here, we studied the kinetics of lymphocyte depletion in the peripheral blood and phosphorylation of histone H2AX in the peripheral blood lymphocytes after local...
The nonlinear dependence between administered pro-oxidant doses and intensity of free-radical processes observed in rats
Sergey Ivanovich Krasikov, Alexey Alexeyevich Tinkov, Natalia Vasilievna Sharapova, Mikhail Anatolievich Bogatov
J Appl Biomed 9:219-224, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0008-1
The influence of iron, copper and nitrate ions on free-radical processes in rats and the dependence between dose and effect of pro-oxidants were studied. Rats were divided into 14 groups and administered differing concentrations and combinations of chemicals with drinking water. Concentrations of iron, copper and nitrate in the water were 1, 0.5 and 0.33 of maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) for every chemical. The action of the investigated pollutants on the intensity of free-radical processes was estimated by the determination of conjugated dienes in liver homogenate and the intensity of Fe2+-induced chemiluminescence of the blood...
A comparison of the reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of the newly developed bispyridinium oxime K203 with currently available oximes, in sarin poisoned rats and mice
Jiří Kassa, Jana ®ďárová Karasová, Vendula ©epsová, Jiří Bajgar
J Appl Biomed 9:225-230, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0011-6
This study compares the abilities of the newly developed bispyridinium oxime K203 with currently available oximes (HI-6, obidoxime, and trimedoxime) in the reactivation of sarin-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and the reduction of the acute toxicity of sarin. The percentage of reactivation of sarin-inhibited rat blood and tissue acetylcholinesterase was determined in vivo and it was shown that the potency of bispyridinium oxime K203 to reactivate sarin-inhibited acetylcholinesterase roughly corresponds to the relatively low reactivating efficacy of obidoxime and trimedoxime except in the diaphragm where K203 was not effective. On the other hand,...
Roles of fibrin deposition and protease activated receptor-1 in renal cytokine/chemokine production and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats of different ages
Shupeng Lin, Xuefeng Sun, Suozhu Shi, Chunsheng Xi, Quan Hong, Yang Lu, Xiangmei Chen
J Appl Biomed 9:231-241, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0012-5
The present study aimed to investigate the roles of fibrin deposition and protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) in renal cytokine/chemokine production and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats of different ages. Acute inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats which were then treated with tranexamic acid (TA), TA+urokinase (UK) or TA+low-molecular-weight heparin (HP). Fibrin deposition, inflammatory cells and expressions of PAR-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were detected. A reduction in fibrin deposition and PAR-1 expression in the LPS+TA+HP group was associated with...
Reviews
Neurodegenerative diseases and neuroprotection: current views and prospects
André Nieoullon
J Appl Biomed 9:173-183, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0013-4
Most of the pathophysiological processes of neurodegenerative diseases share the aggregation of related proteins which is one of the hallmarks of the degenerative processes. Recent advances in the knowledge of these proteinopathies show that the same protein could contribute to a number of diseases, thus suggesting a common pathological process. If this is so, specific instances of the brain neuronal system targeted by protein dysfunction could be a sign of a differential clinical expression rather than different pathological processes. This very stimulating view of the neurodegenerative diseases based on physiopathology has led us to suggest that...
Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders: implication and counteracting of melatonin
Miroslav Pohanka
J Appl Biomed 9:185-196, 2011 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0003-6
Age related neurodegenerative disorders are becoming a serious public health problem. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disease pathologically recognizable by deposition of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Oxidative stress probably plays a pivotal role in AD, but despite expectations, antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, β carotene, and flavonoids have failed as effective prophylaxis and/or treatment. Melatonin, a hormone controlling circadian rhythm, is a potent terminal antioxidant. In vitro tests and animal models have established that the application of melatonin could be beneficial for the amelioration of...