J Appl Biomed 14:235-245, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.03.001

Plant-mediated gold nanoparticles by Dracocephalum kotschyi as anticholinesterase agent: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activity

Niloufar Dorostia,*, Fatemeh Jamshidib
a Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, khorramabad 68135-465, Iran
b Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Biogenic metal nanoparticles owing to elimination of hazardous chemicals are beneficial for human healthy and biomedical applications. Considerable properties of these particles have motivated researchers to develop of the biosynthesized nanomaterials. In this study, the gold nanoparticles using Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract (d-GNPs) were synthesized and characterized by TEM-SEAD, SEM-EDAX, XRD, Zeta potential, DLS, and FT-IR analysis. TEM photograph showed spherical morphologies with an average size of 11 nm. SEAD pattern authorized fcc structure of these particles. The average zeta value of -29.3 mV revealed the surface charge of green synthesized GNPs. We studied the influence of different parameters such as reaction temperature, contact time, and pH on the synthesis of d-GNPs by UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the obtained nanoparticles were evaluated regarding their biological activity (anti-cholinesterase and anticancer), as well as their influence on both the Gram classes of bacteria. The AuNPs showed an excellent inhibitory efficacy against AChE and BChE. Biological results exhibited that these particles displayed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity with IC50: 196.32 and 152.16 μg/ml against K562 and HeLa cell lines as well. These metal nanoparticles were found to show no activity toward tested bacteria.

Keywords: Dracocephalum kotschyi; Gold nanoparticle; Biosynthesis; Anticholinesterase activity; Anticancer activity

Received: December 9, 2015; Accepted: March 9, 2016; Published: August 1, 2016  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Dorosti N, Jamshidi F. Plant-mediated gold nanoparticles by Dracocephalum kotschyi as anticholinesterase agent: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activity. J Appl Biomed. 2016;14(3):235-245. doi: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.03.001.
Download citation

References

  1. Ajitha, B., Ashok Kumar Reddy, Y., Sreedhara Reddy, P., 2015. Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Lantana camar leaf extract. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 9, 373-381. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Amirghofran, Z., Azadbakht, M., Karimi, M.H., 2000. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of five herbal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 72, 167-172. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Annamalai, A., Christina, V.L.P., Sudha, D., Kalpana, M., Lakshmi, P.T.V., 2013. Green synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Au NPs using Euphorbia hirta L. leaf extract. Colloid Surface B 108, 60-65. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. Badri Narayanan, K., Sakthivel, N., 2008. Coriander leaf mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles. Mater. Lett. 62, 4588-4590. Go to original source...
  5. Badri Narayanan, K., Sakthivel, N., 2010. Phytosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using leaf extract of Coleus amboinicus Lour. Mater. Charact. 61, 1232-1238. Go to original source...
  6. Barry, A.L., 1977. The antimicrobial susceptibility test: principle and practice. Biol. Abstracts 64, 25183.
  7. Basavegowda, N., Sobczak-Kupiec, A., Malina, D., Yathirajan, H. S., Keerthi, V.R., Chandrashekar, N.S., Dinkar, L.P., 2013. Plant mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles using fruit extracts of Ananas comosus (L.) (pineapple) and evaluation of biological activities. Adv. Mater. Lett. 4 (5), 332-337. Go to original source...
  8. Brown, S.D., Nativo, P., Smith, J.-A., Stirling, D., Edwards, P.R., Venugopal, B., Flint, D.J., Plumb, J.A., Graham, D., Wheate, N. J., 2010. Gold nanoparticles for the improved anticancer drug delivery of the active component of oxaliplatin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (13), 4678-4684. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Cullity, B.D., 1928. Elements of X-ray Diffraction, 2nd ed. EdisonEsley Pub Inc., USA.
  10. Du, W.L., Niu, S.S., Xua, Y.L., Xu, Z.R., Fan, C.L., 2009. Antibacterial activity of chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with various metal ions. Carbohydr. Polym. 75, 385-389. Go to original source...
  11. Dubey, S.P., Lahtinen, M., Särkkä, H., Sillanpää, M., 2010. Bioprospective of Sorbus aucuparia leaf extract in development of silver and gold nanocolloids. Colloid Surface B 80, 26-33. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Dwivedi, A.D., Gopal, K., 2010. Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Chenopodium album leaf extract. Colloid Surface A 369, 27-33. Go to original source...
  13. Ellman, G.L., Coutney, K.D., Andres, V.R., Featherstone, M., 1961. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem. Pharm. 7, 91-95. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  14. Gan, P.P., Yau Li, S.F., 2012. Potential of plant as a biological factory to synthesize gold and silver nanoparticles and their applications. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biol. 11 (2), 169-206. Go to original source...
  15. Ghahreman, A., 1987. Flore de iranica en couleur naturelle. Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, No 432, Code 114, 019, 004.
  16. Ghosh, A., Das, B.K., Roy, A., Mandal, B., Chandra, G., 2008. Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts. J. Nat. Med. 62 (2), 259-262. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Gohari, A.R., Saeidnia, S., Matsuo, K., Uchiyama, N., Yagura, T., Ito, M., Kiuchi, F., Honda, G., 2003. Flavonoid constituents of Dracocephalum kotschyi growing in Iran and their trypanocidal activity. Nat. Med. 57, 250-252.
  18. Golshani, S., Karamkhani, F., Monsef-Esfehani, H.R., Abdollahi, M., 2004. Antinociceptive effects of the essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi in the mouse writhing test. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 7 (1), 76-79. Go to PubMed...
  19. Goodman, C.M., McCusker, C.D., Yilmaz, T., Rotello, V.M., 2004. Toxicity of gold nanoparticles functionalized with cationic and anionic side chains. Bioconjugate Chem. 15, 897-900. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  20. Hainfeld, J.F., Smilowitz, H.M.J., O'Connor, M., Dilmanian, F.A., Slatkin, D.N., 2013. Gold nanoparticle imaging and radiotherapy of brain tumors in mice. Nanomedicine 8, 1601-1609. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. Haiss, W., Thanh, N.T.K., Aveyard, J., Fernig, D.G., 2007. Determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from UV-vis spectra. Anal. Chem. 79, 4215-4221. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. Hajipour, M.J., Fromm, K.M., Ashkarran, A.A., de Aberasturi, D.J., de Larramendi, I.R., Rojo, T., Serpooshan, V., Parak, W.J., Mahmoudi, M., 2012. Antibacterial properties of nanoparticles. Trends Biotechnol. 30, 499-511. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. Huang, J., Li, Q., Sun, D., Lu, Y., Su, Y., Yang, X., Wang, W., Shao, H., Hong, Chen., 2007. Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by novel sundried Cinnamomum camphora leaf. Nanotechnology 18 (105), 104-114. Go to original source...
  24. Huang, S.H., 2006. Gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic test for identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimens. Clin. Chim. Acta 373, 139-143. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. Jahanian, F., Ebrahimi, S.A., Rahbar-Roshandel, N., Mahmoudian, M., 2005. Xanthomicrol is the main cytotoxic component of Dracocephalum kotschyi and a potential anticancer agent. Phytochemistry 66 (13), 1581-1592. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Kamali, M., Khosroyar, S., Jalilvand, M.R., 2014. Evaluation of phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanin contents and antioxidant capacities of different extracts of aerial parts of Dracocephalum kotschyi. J. N. Khorasan Univ. Med. Sci. 6 (3), 627-634. Go to original source...
  27. Lahiri, D.K., Farlow, M.R., Greig, N.H., Sambamurti, K., 2002. Current drug targets for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Drug Dev. Res. 56, 267-281. Go to original source...
  28. Levard, C., Hotze, E.M., Lowry, G.V., Brown Jr., G.E., 2012. Environmental transformations of silver nanoparticles: impact on stability and toxicity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 6900-6914. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Lim, J., Yeap, S.P., Chi, H.X., Low, S.C., 2013. Characterization of magnetic nanoparticle by dynamic light scattering. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8, 381. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. Link, S., El-Sayed, M.A., 1999. Spectral properties and relaxation dynamics of surface plasmon electronic oscillations in gold and silver nanodots and nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (40), 8410-8426. Go to original source...
  31. Lu, F., Doane, T.L., Zhu, J.-J., Burda, C., 2012. Gold nanoparticles for diagnostic sensing and therapy. Inorg. Chim. Acta 393, 142-153. Go to original source...
  32. Mukherjee, P.K., Kumar, V., Mal, M., Houghton, P.J., 2007. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from plants. Phytomedicine 14, 289-300. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  33. Najafpour, N.M., Mirza, M., 2007. Comparative survey on the essential oil composition of cultivated and wild Dracocephalum kotschyi. Iran. J. Med. Aromat. Plants 23 (1), 128.
  34. Nath, N., Chilkoti, A., 2002. A colorimetric gold nanoparticle sensor to interrogate biomolecular interactions in real time on a surface. Anal. Chem. 74 (3), 504-509. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Okuda, M., Kobayashi, Y., Suzuki, K., Sonoda, K., Kondoh, T., Wagawa, A., Kondo, A., Yoshimura, H., 2005. Self-organized inorganic nanoparticle arrays on protein lattices. Nano Lett. 5 (5), 991-993. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. Orhan, I.E., Senol, F.S., Ercetin, T., Kahraman, A., Celep, F., Akaydin, G., Sener, B., Dogan, M., 2013. Assessment of anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties of selected sage (Salvia) species with their total phenol and flavonoid contents. Ind. Crop. Prod. 41, 21-30. Go to original source...
  37. Öztürk, M., 2012. Anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of Savoury (Satureja thymbra L.) with identified major terpenes of the essential oil. Food Chem. 134, 48-54. Go to original source...
  38. Patra, H.K., Banerjee, S., Chaudhuri, U., Lahiri, P., Dasgupta, A.K., 2007. Cell selective response to gold nanoparticles. Nanomedicine 3, 111-119. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  39. Pan, Y., Neuss, S., Leifert, A., Fischler, M., Wen, F., Simon, U., Schmid, G., Brandau, W., Jahnen-Dechent, W., 2007. Sizedependent cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles. Small 3, 1941-1949. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. Perry, N.S.L., Bollen, C., Perry, E.K., Ballard, C., 2003. Salvia for dementia therapy: review of pharmacological activity and pilot tolerability clinical trial. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 75, 651-659. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  41. Philip, D., 2010. Rapid green synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles using Mangifera indica leaf. Spectrochim. Acta A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. Spectrochim. Acta A 77, 807-810. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  42. Praveen Kumar, K., Paul, W., Sharma, C.P., 2011. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles with Zingiber officinale extract: characterization and blood compatibility. Process Biochem. 46, 2007-2013. Go to original source...
  43. Rechinger, K.H., 1986. Flora Iranica: Labiatae, vol. 150. Akademische Druck-und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 218-230.
  44. Robert, W.G., Pedro, C., William, P.B., 2008. Antimicrobial activity of natural plant extracts against five bacterial species. J. Ariz. Nev. Acad. Sci. 40, 165-167. Go to original source...
  45. Sadraei, H., Asghari, G., Kasiri, F., 2015. Comparison of antispasmodic effects of Dracocephalum kotschyi essential oil, limonene and a-terpineol. Res. Pharm. Sci. 10 (2), 109-116. Go to PubMed...
  46. Saeidnia, S., Gohari, A.R., Uchiyama, N., Ito, M., Honda, G., Kiuchi, F., 2004. Two new monoterpene glycosides and trypanocidal terpenoids from Dracocephalum kotschyi. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 52 (10), 1249-1250. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  47. Saeidnia, S., Gohari, A.R., Ito, M., Kiuchi, F., 2005. Bioactive constituents from Dracocephalum subcapitatum. J. Biosci. 60 (1-2), 22-24. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  48. Safavi, A., Zeinali, S., 2010. Synthesis of highly stable gold nanoparticles using conventional and geminal ionic liquids. Colloid Surface A 362, 121-126. Go to original source...
  49. Sharififar, F., Moshafi, M.H., Shafazand, E., Koohpayeh, A., 2012. Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of three dietary medicinal plants. Food Chem. 130, 20-23. Go to original source...
  50. Sharma, V.K., Yngard, R.A., Lin, Y., 2009. Silver nanoparticles: green synthesis and their antimicrobial activities. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 145, 83-96. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  51. Shukla, R., Bansal, V., Chaudhary, M., Basu, A., Bhonde, R.R., Sastry, M., 2005. Biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles and their endocytotic fate inside the cellular compartment: a microscopic overview. Langmuir 21, 10644-10654. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  52. Song, J.Y., Jang, H.-K., Kim, B.S., 2009. Biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Magnolia kobus and Diospyros kaki leaf extracts. Process Biochem. 44 (10), 1133-1138. Go to original source...
  53. Sperling, R.A., Rivera, Gil.P., Zhang, F., Zanella, M., Parak, W.J., 2008. Biological applications of gold nanoparticles. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37 (9), 1896-1908. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  54. Stalin Dhas, T., Ganesh Kumar, V., Karthick, V., Govindaraju, K., Shankara Narayana, T., 2014. Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Sargassum swartzii and its cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cells. Spectrochim. Acta A 133, 102-106. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  55. Steffan, M., Jakob, A., Claus, P., Lang, H., 2009. Silica supported silver nanoparticles from a silver(I) carboxylate: highly active catalyst for regioselective hydrogenation. Catal. Commun. 10, 437-441. Go to original source...
  56. Yaghmai, M.S., Taffozoli, R., 1988. The essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. Flavour Fragrance J. 3 (1), 33-36. Go to original source...
  57. Zhang, X., Sun, B., Friend, R.H., 2006. Metallic photonic crystals based on solution-processible gold nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 6 (4), 651-655. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...