Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2007 (vol. 5), issue 2
Original Research Article
Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in the liver tissue of chemically-injured rats treated by combinations of diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate
Laila Faddah, Nabil Abdel-Hamid, Yaser Abul-Naga, Sanaa Ibrahim, Ahmed Mahmoud
J Appl Biomed 5:77-80, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.010 
The purpose of our study is to evaluate the protective effect of diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) in combination with some antioxidants, namely vitamin C (V.C), vitamin E (V.E), and selenium (Se), in liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (0.2 ml/kg body weight). This was done by monitoring the liver total and fractional lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. The results revealed a significant increase in the activity of liver total LDH activity in CCl4 - intoxicated rats with a significant increase in both LDH3 and 4 and a significant decrease in LDH5. LDH2 disappeared after CCl4 treatment and neither DDB nor its combinations could restore...
Assay of radical scavenging activity of antidotes against chemical warfare agents by DPPH test using sequential injection technique
Vít Kolečkář, Daniel Jun, Luboš Opletal, Luděk Jahodář, Kamil Kuča
J Appl Biomed 5:81-84, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.011
Free radicals are believed to play an important role in many pathological states. Consequently antioxidants are receiving increased attention in medicinal research. As part of studies of the biological effects of the antidotes against chemical warfare agents currently used in the Czech Armed Forces, eleven compounds were assayed for their free radical scavenging activity. An optimized PC-controlled sequential injection analysis (SIA) system with spectrophotometric detection was used for evaluation of the antioxidation activity of the antidotes. The automated method is based on the known reaction of 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with...
A new analytical technique in capillary electrophoresis: studying the levels of nucleotides in human breastmilk
Javier Cubero, Javier Sanchez, Cristina Sanchez, David Narciso, Carmen Barriga, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez
J Appl Biomed 5:85-90, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.012
The effect of nucleotides in the newborn is a determinant in this first stage of life, and their correct level in breastmilk is vital. We have designed a new method for the assay of nucleotides in milk by capillary electrophoresis (CE) after acid hydrolysis. Breastmilk samples were collected from healthy mothers (ages, 25-35 years) of one month lactation, and stored at -20 °C. The duplicated samples were dissociated by acidic hydrolysis (HClO4) and the CE assay was performed in an uncoated fused-silica capillary using an alkaline (borate) electrophoretic separation system.The method gave good recoveries of 5'-mononucleotides. Under the...
Serum concentration of calcium, phosphate and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in goats (Capra hyrcus): daily rhythms
Giuseppe Piccione, Anna Assenza, Francesco Fazio, Fortunata Grasso, Giovanni Caola
J Appl Biomed 5:91-96, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.013
The goal of the present study was to investigate the daily rhythms of calcium, phosphate and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D3) in the blood serum of goats. Blood samples from six Girgentana breed goats were collected via an intravenous cannula inserted into the jugular vein at four-hour intervals over a 48-hour period (starting at 08:00 hours on day 1 and finishing at 04:00 on day 2). The serum concentration of calcium and phosphate was measured by photometric test and of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 by HPLC. All parameters were expressed as mean ± SEM. The one-way repeated measures analysis of...
Antihyperglycaemic and antiperoxidative effect of Helicteres isora L. bark extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Ganesan Kumar, Gani Sharmila Banu, Arunachalam Ganesan Murugesan, Moses Rajasekara Pandian
J Appl Biomed 5:97-104, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.014
The present investigation shows the antihyperglycaemic activity of aqueous extract of bark of Helicteres isora L. (100, 200 mg/kg b.w./p.o.) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels, body weight, food and liquid intake were measured on every 5th day over a period of 14 days. A single injection of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg b.w./i.p. elevated the glucose levels >240mg/dl after 5 days. Administration of H. isora at a dose of 100, 200 mg/kg/p.o. resulted in a significant (p
Urtica dioica extract reduces platelet hyperaggregability in type 2 diabetes mellitus by inhibition of oxidant production, Ca2+ mobilization and protein tyrosine phosphorylation
Mohammed El Haouari, Isaac Jardin, Hasane Mekhfi, Juan A. Rosado, Ginés M. Salido
J Appl Biomed 5:105-113, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.015
Platelet hyperaggregability is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thrombin-evoked platelet aggregation includes the activation of several intracellular pathways, including endogenous generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ mobilization and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Here we show that crude aqueous extract from Urtica dioica reduces thrombin-evoked aggregation in platelets from healthy donors and diabetics, in a concentration-dependent manner. U. dioica extract showed a potent antioxidant activity and prevented thrombin-evoked ROS generation in platelets from healthy and diabetic donors....
Reviews
Pharmacological aspects of cognitive impairment: past, present and future of drugs in dementia
Kathleen Isensee, Georg Petroianu, Holger Stark
J Appl Biomed 5:57-70, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.008
Cognitive impairment is a dramatically increasing problem affecting many individuals as well as the health system. As we have no causal treatment for the loss of memory, symptomatic treatment is needed. Influencing the ACh system is a generally accepted approach, although other therapeutic treatments are in various stages of development. The multiple target drug approach using hybrid compounds may be another optimized move forward for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Since the complex neuronal regulation is slowly being decoded, there is hope that ways will be found to stop neuronal loss and to generate new synapses.
Down syndrome and coexistent autoimmune diseases
Dimitry Chistiakov
J Appl Biomed 5:71-76, 2007 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.009
Down syndrome (DS) is often accompanied by autoimmune diseases. Among those, autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes and celiac disease are the most common. The major cause of enhanced vulnerability of DS patients to a variety of autoimmune diseases is impaired immune response, with multiple abnormalities in all components of the immune system, especially in cell-mediated immunity. This could explain a significantly higher frequency of autoimmune disorders in DS compared to the general population. The diagnosis of autoimmune diseases accompanying DS could be complicated by masking effects of the underlying features of the syndrome such as failure...