Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2009 (vol. 7), issue 4
Original Research Article
Evaluation of the neuroprotective efficacy of individual oxime (HI-6) and oxime mixtures (HI-6 + trimedoxime, HI-6 + K203) in tabun-poisoned rats
Jiří Kassa, Jana ®ďárová Karasová, Sandra Tesařová
J Appl Biomed 7:189-199, 2009 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2009.021 
The ability of the oxime HI-6 to reduce tabun-induced acute neurotoxic signs and symptoms was compared with the neuroprotective efficacy of two combinations of oximes (HI-6 + trimedoxime, HI-6 + K203) using a functional observational battery. Tabun-induced neurotoxicity and the neuroprotective effects of HI-6 alone, and HI-6 combined with trimedoxime or K203, in rats poisoned with tabun at a sublethal dose (200 μg/kg i.m.; 80% of LD50 value), were monitored by the functional observational battery at 24 hours following tabun challenge. The results indicate that both oxime mixtures tested, combined with atropine are able to allow tabun-poisoned...
Inhibition of blood cholinesterases by nerve agents in vitro
Jiří Bajgar, Daniel Jun, Kamil Kuča, Josef Fusek, Jana ®ďárová Karasová, Jiří Kassa, Jiří Cabal, Václav Bláha
J Appl Biomed 7:201-206, 2009 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2009.022
The bimolecular rate constants (ka) of inhibition were determined for cholinesterase in rat blood in vivo and three nerve agents in vitro. They were in the range of 105-106 M.min -1 with the highest value for VX (ka = 8.92 × 106), the next highest for soman (ka = 3.22 × 106) and the lowest for sarin (ka = 0.39 × 106), respectively. The inhibition rate is the same in vitro and in vivo; when the real inhibition in vivo and in vitro is compared, it is possible to assess the concentration of the nerve agent...
Reviews
Nitric oxide, health and disease
Carlos Kusano Bucalen Ferrari, Eduardo Luzia França, Adenilda Cristina Honorio-França
J Appl Biomed 7:163-173, 2009 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2009.019
Nitric oxide is a gaseous substance which possesses many important physiological characteristics ranging from its action as a natural immune mechanism to endothelial control of blood pressure. However, it can also generate nitrogen reactive species (peroxynitrite and others), which are involved as a cause of or a consequence of many diseases. This article updates and summarizes the physiological and pathophysiological roles of nitric oxide.
Lithium: a potential estrogen signaling modulator
James Jason Valdés, Ophelia Inez Weeks
J Appl Biomed 7:175-188, 2009 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2009.020
Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) engenders much debate since several studies contradict its efficacy as a palliative therapy for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Signaling transduction pathways alter brain cell activity, survival, and morphology by facilitating transcription factor activation and protein production. The steroidal hormone estrogen and the anti-depressant drug lithium can interact also through these signaling transduction pathways resulting in transcription factor activation. The transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is affected by both estrogen and lithium, and CREB regulates genes involved...