Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2010 (vol. 8), issue 2

Circadian variations in biochemical markers of bone metabolism in horse of different age

Claudia Giannetto, Stefania Casella, Francesco Fazio, Vanessa Messina, Giuseppe Piccione

J Appl Biomed 8:73-79, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0011-y  

The author studied in thirty Thoroughbred horses the influence of age and gender on daily rhythms of serum osteocalcin (OC). The animals were divided into two groups. Group A: six male and six female 2 years old; Group B: six male, six female and six geldings 6 years old. They were housed individually in box-like stalls under natural photoperiod and environmental conditions. Blood samples were collected every 3 hours over a 48 hour period. Statistical differences of serum OC concentration due to different gender were observed in both Groups A and B. Daily rhythms of serum OC concentration were observed only in Group B, with nocturnal acrophase. In...

The incidence of β-defensin-1, 2, 3 in human healthy and chronically inflamed nasal and tonsillar mucosa

Hana Pácová, Jaromír Astl, Jindřich Martínek

J Appl Biomed 8:81-86, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0012-x  

The nasal and tonsillar mucosa are exposed to massive incursions of pathological microorganisms. One of the mechanisms known to prevent an invasion of pathogens is an endogenous synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, which include human β-defensins-1, 2, 3 (HBD-1, 2, 3).The aim of this study was to demonstrate the occurrence of HBD-1, 2 and 3 in the human nasal mucosa and palatine tonsils in healthy tissues and during chronic inflammation (nasal polyposis with and without the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and chronic tonsillitis) and to evaluate their incidence under varying conditions.Another target was to compare the occurrence...

The effect of trimedoxime on acetylcholinesterase and on the cholinergic system of the rat bladder

Ondřej Soukup, Ondřej Holas, Jiří Binder, Kumar Killy, Gunnar Tobin, Daniel Jun, Josef Fusek, Kamil Kuča

J Appl Biomed 8:87-92, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0008-6  

Trimedoxime is a bisquaternary oxime that is widely used in the treatment of organophosphorous poisoning caused by tabun and paraoxon. We tested its affinity to acetylcholinesterase (AChE), its mechanism of interaction and effect on the cholinergic system of the rat bladder. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of trimedoxime to recombinant AChE was found to be 82.0 mM ± 30.1 mM. This represents a weak inhibition. Its interaction with AChE seems to be very similar to obidoxime - one aromatic nucleus interacts with the peripheral anionic site and the other with the residues TYR337 and TYR341 inside the cavity. Also the...

Circadian time structure of fatty acids and vascular monitoring

Germaine Cornélissen, Claudio Galli, Franz Halberg, Fabien De Meester, Patrizia Risé, Agnieszka Wilczynska-Kwiatek, Ram B Singh, Francis Guillaume

J Appl Biomed 8:93-109, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0014-8  

The circadian variation of 40 circulating fatty acids related variables was assessed from one man (F) and one woman (G). Each provided blood samples by finger pricking at about 4-hour intervals for 24 hours. A statistically significant rhythm was found in 65% of the variables after data expressed as a percentage of their 24-hour mean values were pooled. In particular, a putative circadian rhythm for n-3 and n-6 fatty acids deserves exploration. The predominant 12-hour component found to characterize the n-3 status of G may stem from the odd schedule she followed on the day of study, as attested by alterations in the time structure...

Kinetics of hydrolysis of organophosphate soman by cationic surfactant Resamin AE

Jiří Cabal, Jitka Míčová, Kamil Kuča

J Appl Biomed 8:111-116, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0009-5  

This experiment tested the reactivity of the cationic surfactant Resamin AE [N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-4-oxa(C14/22-alkyl))-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride] with organophosphonate soman. It was confirmed that soman is incorporated in the micelle of Resamin AE and that the hydroxyl group or Resamin AE supports the hydrolysis of this organophosphonate. A further increase in reactivity was achieved by the addition of hydrogen peroxide into the reaction mixture. In contrast, if the concentration of neutral salts was increased, a decrease in the velocity of the hydrolysis was obtained. The hydrolytic efficacy of Resamin AE was also compared with that...

Gas plasmas and plasma modified materials in medicine

Sadiqali Cheruthazhekatt, Mirko Černák, Pavel Slavíček, Josef Havel

J Appl Biomed 8:55-66, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0013-9  

The applications of gas plasma and plasma modified materials in the emerging fields of medicine such as dentistry, drug delivery, and tissue engineering are reviewed. Plasma sterilization of both living and non-living objects is safe, fast and efficient; for example plasma sterilization of medical equipment quickly removes microorganisms with no damage to the tiny delicate parts of the equipment and in dentistry it offers a non-toxic, painless bacterial inactivation of tissues from a dental cavity. Devices that generate plasma inside the root canal of a tooth give better killing efficiency against bacteria without causing any harm to the surrounding...

Childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of German nuclear power plants - some missing links

Friedo Zölzer

J Appl Biomed 8:67-72, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0010-z  

A recent epidemiological study in Germany, the so-called KiKK study, came to the conclusion that there was a relationship between a child's risk of contracting leukaemia in the first 5 years of life and the distance of its residence from the nearest nuclear power plant. The risk of children inside a 5 km radius was found to be 2.19 times that of children outside, with a lower 95% confidence limit of 1.51. The study seems to be epidemiologically sound and solid, and its results agree with earlier evidence about childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of nuclear installations. It does not show, however, nor does it at all claim to show, that the phenomenon...

Celebrating Franz Halberg's 90^th birthday

Germaine Cornélissen

J Appl Biomed 8:117-118, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0024-6  

Chronopharmaceutics

Franz Halberg, Germaine Cornélissen, Waldemar Ulmer

J Appl Biomed 8:119-120, 2010 | DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0025-5