Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2014 (vol. 12), issue 2

Contents

J Appl Biomed 12:v, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/S1214-021X(14)00048-9  

Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors δ (PPARδ) in rats showing endotoxemic heart failure

Ping-Chin Chang, Li-Jen Chen, Juei-Tang Cheng

J Appl Biomed 12:79-85, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.05.001  

PPARδ-dependent maintenance of inotropic function is mentioned as crucial for cardiomyocytes. However, change of PPARδ in endotoxins-induced cardiac dysfunction is still unclear. The present study is then designed to investigate the changes of PPARδ in rats showing LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction. In the in vivo experiments, adult Wistar rats were treated with intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg LPS for 6 h. The isolated heart determined in Langendorff apparatus and the hemodynamic analysis of rats used to measure the changes of cardiac function extra vivo and in vivo. We found that LPS decreased the cardiac contractility...

Modulatory effect of selenium on cell-cycle regulatory genes in the prostate adenocarcinoma cell line

Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska, Małgorzata Gajewska, Waldemar Wagner, Kamila Domińska, Tomasz Ochędalski

J Appl Biomed 12:87-95, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.02.002  

Epidemiological data indicate that selenium status is inversely connected with cancer risk. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that most inorganic and organic forms of selenium compounds have an anticancer action. This work investigated the impact of organic selenium on the multiple signalling pathways involved in the inhibition of the viability of prostate cancer cells. Prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PC-3) were incubated with seleno-l-methionine (SeMet) at four concentrations and cell viability and programmed cell death were determined by the WST-1, BrdU assays and Tali image based cytometer. The expression of chosen cell-cycle regulatory...

Investigating the influence of taurine on thiol antioxidant status in Wistar rats with a multi-analytical approach

Jiri Sochor, Lukas Nejdl, Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky, Andrea Bezdekova, Katerina Lukesova, Ondrej Zitka, Natalia Cernei, Petr Mares, Miroslav Pohanka, Vojtech Adam, Petr Babula, Miroslava Beklova, Ladislav Zeman, Rene Kizek

J Appl Biomed 12:97-110, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.01.002  

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues. It is involved in many physiological processes. Thus, it is widely discussed especially due to its antioxidant properties. In this study, we focused on the effect of taurine supplementation on the concentration of antioxidants in blood plasma and erythrocytes of Wistar rats. Taurine was applied in feed mixture in the dosage of 0, 1, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500 and 4000 mg/kg. We monitored both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants - glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase and reduced/oxidized glutathione...

Comparison of the neuroprotective effects of a novel bispyridinium oxime KR-22934 with the oxime K203 and obidoxime in tabun-poisoned male rats

Jiří Kassa, Jana Žďárová Karasová, Kamil Kuča, Kamil Musílek, Young-Sik Jung

J Appl Biomed 12:111-117, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.04.002  

The neuroprotective effects of a novel oxime KR-22934, the oxime K203 and obidoxime in combination with atropine in rats poisoned with tabun at a sublethal dose (200 μg/kg i.m.; 80% LD₅₀) were studied. The tabun-induced neurotoxicity was monitored at 24 h following tabun challenge using a functional observational battery and an automatic measurement of motor activity. The results indicate that all tabun-poisoned rats treated with oximes in combination with atropine were able to survive within 24 h following tabun poisoning. One tabun-poisoned rat without antidotal treatment died within 24 h. The oximes KR-22934 and K203 combined with...

Tissue profiling by nanogold-mediated mass spectrometry and artificial neural networks in the mouse model of human primary hyperoxaluria 1

Jan Houška, Eladia María Peña-Méndez, Juan R. Hernandez-Fernaud, Eduardo Salido, Aleš Hampl, Josef Havel, Petr Vaňhara

J Appl Biomed 12:119-125, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.12.001  

Correct assessment of tissue histopathology is a necessary prerequisite for any clinical diagnosis. Nowadays, classical methods of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry are complemented by various techniques adopted from molecular biology and bioanalytical chemistry. Mass spectrometry profiling or imaging offered a new level of tissue visualization in the last decade, revealing hidden patterns of tissue molecular organization. It can be adapted to diagnostic purposes to improve decisions on complex and morphologically not apparent diagnoses. In this work, we successfully combined tissue profiling by mass spectrometry with analysis by artificial neural...

Elephantopus scaber Linn.: A review on its ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological profile

Sachin M. Hiradeve, Vinod D. Rangari

J Appl Biomed 12:49-61, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2014.01.008  

Elephantopus scaber Linn., family Asteraceae, is a small herb found in Neotropics, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. The plant parts of this herb have been used traditionally for the treatment of a number of diseases in many countries. Sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids and essential oil constituents have been reported from various parts of the plant. The plant has been extensively screened for anticancer activity. Sesquiterpene lactones such as deoxyelephantopin, isodeoxyelephantopin, scabertopin, and isoscabertopin have been found to be prominent anticancer constituents. Many other biological activities such as antimicrobial,...

Military potential of biological toxins

Xiujuan Zhang, Kamil Kuča, Vlastimil Dohnal, Lucie Dohnalová, Qinghua Wu, Chu Wu

J Appl Biomed 12:63-77, 2014 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2014.02.005  

Toxins are produced by bacteria, plants and animals for defense or for predation. Most of the toxins specifically affect the mammalian nervous system by interfering with the transmission of nerve impulses, and such toxins have the potential for misuse by the military or terrorist organizations. This review discusses the origin, structure, toxicity and symptoms, transmission, mechanism(s) of action, symptomatic treatment of the most important toxins and venoms derived from fungi, plants, marine animals, and microorganisms, along with their potential for use in bioweapons and/or biocrime. Fungal trichothecenes and aflatoxins are potent inhibitors of...