Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2021 (vol. 19), issue 1
Original Research Article
Gut microbial dysbiosis and its association with esophageal cancer
Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq, Imran Shair Mohammad, Kiran Sher Muhammad, Huan Li, Rao Zahid Abbas, Zia ud Din Sindhu, Shakir Ullah, Yang Fan, Abbas Sadiq, Muhammad Asif Raza, Riaz Hussain, Hafiz Muhammad Arshad, Iahtasham Khan, Muhammad Umair Waqas, Aziz Ul-Rahman, Riffat Yasin, Atif Rehman, Rana Waseem Akhtar, Jiru Xu
J Appl Biomed 19:1-13, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.005 
Due to its aggressive nature and low survival rate, esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancer. While the intestinal microbiome significantly influences human health and disease. This research aimed to investigate and characterize the relative abundance of intestinal bacterial composition in esophageal cancer patients. The fecal samples were collected from esophageal cancer patients (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The PCR-DGGE was carried out by focusing on the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and qPCR was performed for Bacteroides vulgatus, Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium leptum and Lactobacillus....
Synergism between WLBU2 peptide and antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae
Lina Elsalem, Suhaila Al Sheboul, Ayat Khasawneh
J Appl Biomed 19:14-25, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.001
Infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacter cloacae are considered as major therapeutic challenge due to their multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype against conventional antibiotics. WLBU2 is an engineered cationic peptide with potent antimicrobial activity. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of WLBU2 against clinical isolates of the aforementioned bacteria and assess whether synergistic effects can be achieved upon combination with conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents...
GC-MS Metabolomics profiling and HR-APCI-MS characterization of potential anticancer compounds and antimicrobial activities of extracts from Picrorhiza kurroa roots
Qudsia Tabassam, Tahir Mehmood, Sibtain Ahmed, Shagufta Saeed, Abdul Rauf Raza, Farooq Anwar
J Appl Biomed 19:26-39, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2020.017
The present study explores pharmacological potential and phytochemicals profiling of Picrorhiza kurroa extracts against mammalian cancer cell lines and pathogenic microbes. Bioactive extracts from roots of Picrorhiza kurroa were recovered in the methanol, 50% aqueous dichloromethane (50 : 50 v/v) and n-hexane. Antimicrobial activity of the bioactive extracts was assessed against selected strains of bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Aqueous dichloromethane extract showed highest zone of growth inhibition (39.06 ± 1.0 mm) towards Staphylococcus aureus bacteria while methanolic extract showed the lowest inhibition (6.3 ±...
Ethyl acetate extract of Clausena excavata induces growth inhibition of non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line via apoptosis
Shaymaa Fadhel Abbas Albaayit, Mariam Ashfaq Khan, Rasedee Abdullah, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
J Appl Biomed 19:40-47, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.007
Context: Clausena excavata Burm. f is a plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of various ailments in South East Asia. The plant parts contain chemical components that are cytotoxic to many cancer cells. Objective: The study investigated the cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform C. excavata leaf extracts on the non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line. Methods: Based on the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, among extracts, ethyl acetate C. excavata leaf extract (EACE) was the most potent anti-NCI-H460 cells, with IC50 value of 47.1 ± 6.1 μg/ml....
Atorvastatin prevents the development of diabetic neuropathic nociception by possible involvement of nitrergic system
Reyhaneh Akbarian, Mohsen Chamanara, Amir Rashidian, Alireza Abdollahi, Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr, Ahmad Reza Dehpour
J Appl Biomed 19:48-56, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.006
Aims: Diabetic neuropathy has been identified as a common complication caused by diabetes. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood yet. Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, alleviate the production of cholesterol. Despite this cholesterol-reducing effect of statins, several reports have demonstrated their beneficial properties in neuropathic pain. In this study, we used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model to investigate the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in the antineuropathic-like effect of atorvastatin. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ. Male rats orally received different...
Prevalence of Fabry disease in men with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss
Richard Holy, Tereza Hlozkova, Klara Prochazkova, David Kalfert, Frantiska Hybnerova, Denisa Ebelova, Berthold Streubel, Martin Chovanec, Bretislav Gal, Ales Linhart, Jaromir Astl
J Appl Biomed 19:57-61, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.003
Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A (AGALA) encoding gene region. This rare disease affects several organs including the cochlea-vestibular system. Tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are reported among otoneurological symptoms. Early and correct diagnosis of FD is important with a view to available therapy. The aim of the study was to screen for alpha-galactosidase deficiency in men with tinnitus/SNHL. A prospective multicentric study including consecutive patients with SNHL confirmed by tone audiometry or tinnitus evaluated (10/2016-8/2019). The diagnosis of AGALA...
Antepartum and postpartum changes in adipokines, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory markers and other biochemical parameters in preeclamptic women: A prospective observational cohort study
Amany Yasseen Talab, Haitham Aboali Hamza, Tarek Mohamed Mostafa
J Appl Biomed 19:62-72, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.004
This study aimed at evaluating the role played by insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, resistin, vaspin, Interleukin-18 and asymmetric dimethyl arginine as a marker for endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. This prospective observational cohort study involved 60 women who were classified into: 20 non-pregnant women (group 1 or control group), 20 normally pregnant women (group 2) and 20 preeclamptic women (group 3) at their third trimester. The pregnant women were assessed at their third trimester and further re-evaluated four weeks after delivery. The assessment included demography, assessment of proteinuria...
Contributory role of ART in the development of non-AIDS comorbidities in asymptomatic PLWHA
Karen Ingrid Tasca, Vânia V. M. Fagundes Vidal, Vanessa Martinez Manfio, Alexandre Naime Barbosa, Lenice do Rosário de Souza
J Appl Biomed 19:73-82, 2021 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.002
Background: Despite the many benefits that follow antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, its chronic use contributes to the early aging of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to trace the prevalence of and investigate possible renal, bone and metabolic changes, as well as cardiovascular risk in 94 asymptomatic PLWHA, relating them to the duration of ART use. Methods: Four groups were evaluated according to ART use: G1 (n = 21), ART-naïve individuals; G2 (n = 17), <2 years; G3 (n = 40), 2-10 years; and G4 (n = 16) on ART for more than 10 years. Results: Our results showed...