Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2016 (vol. 14), issue 2

Contents

J Appl Biomed 14:v, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/S1214-021X(16)30055-2  

Enhanced anti-inflammatory benefits of meloxicam-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules in a mouse pleurisy model: A comparative study with a free form drug

Francine Rodrigues Ianiski, Fernanda D'Avila da Silva, Ethel Antunes Wilhelm, Renata Streck Fernandes, Marta Palma Alves, Marta Maria Mederios Frescura Duarte, Cristiane Luchese

J Appl Biomed 14:105-112, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.04.006  

The development of new treatments for inflammation continues to be of high interest, since long-acting effect is critical for patients. We investigated whether meloxicam-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (M-NC) have an anti-inflammatory action superior to a free drug (M-F) on a mouse pleurisy model, by analyzing the time-course of leukocytes migration in the pleural fluid. Male adult Swiss mice were divided into six groups for each time (24; 48 and 72 h) and were pretreated with blank nanocapsules (17 ml/kg) or M-NC (5 mg/kg) or free meloxicam (M-F) (5 mg/kg). After pretreatments, mice received saline (0.9%) or carrageenan (Cg) (1%) into pleural cavity....

DDE downregulates PLIN2 expression during differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes in lipid-enriched medium

Dana Müllerová, Martin Pešta, Miroslava Čedíková, Jana Dvořáková, Vlastimil Kulda, Kristýna Srbecká, Luděk Müller, Pavel Dvořák, Michaela Kripnerová, Milena Králíčková, Václav Babuška, Jitka Kuncová

J Appl Biomed 14:113-117, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.01.002  

Evidence indicating, that persistent organic pollutants are involved in the development of obesity, has emerged. The aim of this study was to reveal whether an environmental bioaccumulative human adipose tissue contaminant, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), affects adipocyte differentiation. Our study was conducted on an in vitro adipogenic model of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSC). The adipose cultures were exposed to DDE (concentrations: 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM) for 28 consecutive days, from the beginning of the experiment until full differentiation. DDE was administered in lipid vehicle (NuTRIflex)....

Overt hypothyroidism is associated with blood inflammatory biomarkers dependent of lipid profile

Adriana Santi, Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz, Vania Lucia Loro, Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte, Fernanda Barbisan, Thiago Duarte, Anahy Gabriela Pasa

J Appl Biomed 14:119-124, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.10.002  

To investigate the association between inflammatory biomarkers and overt hypothyroidism (OH). We measured inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) as well as cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) levels in 40 OH patients and 40 healthy controls. Total cholesterol, high and low density lipoprotein subfractions, triglyceride, fibrinogen, and D-dimer were recorded. Increased inflammatory profile was evidenced through significant elevations in the concentrations of all cytokines and cf-DNA levels in the OH group. Lipids and prothrombotic markers were also increased...

Antimicrobial effect of salicylamide derivatives against intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria

Ivan Kushkevych, Peter Kollar, Ana Luisa Ferreira, Diogo Palma, Aida Duarte, Maria Manuel Lopes, Milan Bartos, Karel Pauk, Ales Imramovsky, Josef Jampilek

J Appl Biomed 14:125-130, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.01.005  

Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are most likely involved in both the initiation and maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); unfortunately present antibacterial chemotherapeutics used in the treatment of IBD have been ineffective. Thus, the antimicrobial activity of salicylamide derivatives against two different genera of intestinal SRB, Desulfovibrio and Desulfomicrobium, was investigated. Six 2-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl N-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]alkanoates and three 2-hydroxy-N-[(2S)-1-oxo-1-(phenylamino)alkan-2-yl]benzamides showed MIC values in the range from 0.22 to 0.35 μM against Desulfovibrio piger...

Causal link of total locomotor activity, melatonin and rectal temperature daily rhythm in small ruminants

Claudia Giannetto, Vincenzo Carcangiu, Sebastiano Luridiana, Francesco Fazio, Maria Consuelo Mura, Albamaria Parmeggiani, Giuseppe Piccione

J Appl Biomed 14:131-135, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.01.006  

To improve the knowledge in chronophysiology we investigated the causal link between the most important physiological variable studied until now; ten Sarda ewes and ten Sarda goats, pluriparus not pregnant and no lactating, were used. Animals were housed under natural environmental conditions in a common stall, alfalfa hay and water were available ad libitum. Each animal was equipped with an Actiwatch-Mini^® for recording total activity. Blood samples were collected every 4 h over a 48 h period for the assessment of melatonin concentration. Rectal temperature was recorded with a digital thermometer immediately before the blood sampling...

Protective effect of catechin rich extract of Rhizophora mucronata against β-amyloid-induced toxicity in PC12 cells

Natarajan Suganthy, Kasi Pandima Devi

J Appl Biomed 14:137-146, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.10.003  

Alzheimer's disease (AD) threatens to become the scourge of the 21st century, hence there is an urgent need for the exploration of multipotent drug in the treatment of AD. Rhizophora mucronata, tropical red mangrove has been widely used in traditional oriental medicine as astringent, antiseptic, antibacterial, anti-ulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory agent. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the catechin rich methanolic leaf extract of R. mucronata (MERM), against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Exposure of PC12 cells to Aβ (25-35) increased cellular oxidative stress, the number of apoptotic cells and...

Quasi emulsion spherical crystallization technique based environmentally responsive Tulsion^® (pH dependent) microspheres for colon specific delivery

Ashish Jain, Ankit Jain, Abhishek Jain, Anki Jain

J Appl Biomed 14:147-155, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.11.001  

pH-dependent sustained-release Tulsion^® microspheres bearing clarithromycin were prepared using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method with thermocoat L 30 D 55 as a release retardant. Both, clarithromycin and thermocoat L 30 D 55, were found to be non-hemolytic during in vitro toxicity assay against human red blood cells. Ratiometric optimization of different solvents using phase diagrams was performed on amount of good solvent, bridging liquid, dispersing liquid and poor solvent. The developed microspheres were evaluated for the recovery (67.27 ± 3.3%), average particle size (52.0 ± 0.46 μm) and encapsulation...

Development of biocompatible nanogel for sustained drug release by overcoming the blood brain barrier in zebrafish model

Sivaji Kalaiarasi, Pitchai Arjun, Soundarapandian Nandhagopal, Joseph Brijitta, Appadurai Muthamil Iniyan, Samuel Gnana Prakash Vincent, Rajaretinam Rajesh Kannan

J Appl Biomed 14:157-169, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.01.004  

A potential delivery system has to be fabricated for crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain fluid for effective delivery of drugs for any neurological disorders. The present study is aimed for the delivery of donepezil through functionalized PNIPAM nanogel by overcoming the BBB using zebrafish model. We had synthesized the poly N-isopropyl acrylamide nanogels with 20 nm size for sustained drug release. The entrapment of donepezil in the nanogel was quantified as 87.5% by HPLC and its sustained drug release pattern was achieved at 37 °C using Janus green dye release assay. Acetylcholineesterase inhibition assay for the donepezil conjugated...

Carbamates pesticides induced immunotoxicity and carcinogenicity in human: A review

Ines Bini Dhouib, Alya Annabi, Manel Jallouli, Soumaya Marzouki, Najoua Gharbi, Saloua Elfazaa, Mohamed Montassar Lasram

J Appl Biomed 14:85-90, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.01.001  

In the literature, carbamates pesticides (CMs) have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of diseases associated with alterations of the immune response, such as hypersensitivity reactions, some autoimmune diseases and cancers. CMs may initiate, facilitate or exacerbate pathological immune processes, resulting in immunotoxicity by induction of mutations in genes coding for immunoregulatory factors and modifying immune tolerance. In the present study, oxidative stress and inhibition of esterases activities have been introduced as the main mechanisms of CMs induced immune dysregulation. In addition, the evidence on the relationship between CMs...

Extracorporeal apheresis system - A nanoparticle drugs' elimination method to enhance the benefit of cytostatic therapy in cancer patients

Stanislav Filip, Ondřej Kubeček, Jiří Špaček, Jiřina Martínková, Milan Bláha

J Appl Biomed 14:91-96, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.11.002  

Cytostatic treatment is often negatively affected by dose-limited toxicities. Novel agents, including nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (DDS), are becoming available to overcome this problem. Despite achieving a lesser toxicity in exchange for more favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, the use of DDS is often associated with a particular toxicity profile. The accumulation of DDS in tumor tissue is much faster than in normal tissues where toxic events occur. While only a small amount of DDS is delivered to the target tissue, and accumulated there, most of the administered dose remains in circulation. The removal of this fraction, which is no longer...

Speech and language impairments in dementia

Blanka Klimova, Kamil Kuca

J Appl Biomed 14:97-103, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.02.002  

The current demographic trend is dramatically changing; particularly the number of older people is rising. This trend of older population causes an increase of aging diseases such as dementia. At present the most frequent type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, the second most frequent type is vascular dementia, and the third one is dementia with Lewy bodies. These are then followed by Parkinson's disease dementia, frontotemporal dementia/degeneration, and mixed dementia. The purpose of this review study is to explore speech and language disorders of each of the above mentioned dementias and examine their similarities and differences. Furthermore,...