Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2019 (vol. 17), issue 1
A cardiac troponin I study in a minimally invasive myocardial infarction canine model
Reyaj Mikrani, Cuilan Liang, Muhammad Naveed, Asghar Ali Kamboh, Muhammad Abbas, Birendra Chaurasiya, Li Xue, Zhou Xiaohui
J Appl Biomed 17:39, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.001 
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is an important biomarker of acute myocardial infarction (MI) in animals and human beings. Nevertheless, no immunohistochemical study has been reported about the pattern of myocardial cTnI egression in a minimally invasive model. The present study intended to establish a minimally invasive model of MI and to evaluate the distribution of cTnI. Twelve Mongrel dogs were divided into 2 groups (n = 6): experimental and sham-operated group. Three incisions were made on the left thoracic wall, left anterior descending (LAD) of coronary artery was identified and titanium nips were clamped by video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery...
Endocrine responses after a single bout of moderate aerobic exercise in healthy adult humans
Maria Dourida, Marinella Tzanela, Athina Asimakopoulou, Efi Botoula, Michael Koutsilieris, Anastassios Philippou
J Appl Biomed 17:46, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.004
Exercise is a stress stimulus for the human organism affecting the homeostatic mechanisms of the body, depending on the type, duration, intensity and frequency of exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate aerobic exercise bout on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis acute hormonal responses in healthy adult humans. Twelve healthy male and female volunteers (age: 30.6 ± 4.4 years), performed a single bout of a 30-minute aerobic exercise at 70% of VO2max on a treadmill, following standard diet. Blood samples were collected before (t0), at the end of the exercise bout (t30), and 30 min after the completion...
Three-layer collagen-based vascular graft designed for low-flow peripheral vascular reconstructions
Miroslav ©paèek, Hynek Chlup, Petr Mitá¹, Jan Veselý, Lukas Lambert, Mikulá¹ Mlèek, Milan Krajíèek, Jaroslav Lindner, Tomá¹ Grus
J Appl Biomed 17:52, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.002
Introduction: The aim of this study was to develop a prototype of an artificial blood vessel which has similar mechanical properties to a human saphenous vein graft and to experimentally verify the function of the prosthesis via ovine carotid bypass implantation. Material and methods: The prototype of an artificial graft prosthesis for low flow was developed and manufactured from a collagenous matrix and reinforcing polyester mesh. We compared the results of both the pressurisation and the mechanical stress evaluation tests of VSM with four types of hybrid vascular graft. The most similar graft (type II) was chosen for the first ovine model implantation....
Pharmacotherapy as major risk factor of falls - analysis of 12 months experience in hospitals in South Bohemia
Josef Maly, Martin Dosedel, Jan Vosatka, Katerina Mala-Ladova, Ales Antonin Kubena, Iva Brabcova, Hana Hajduchova, Sylva Bartlova, Valerie Tothova, Jiri Vlcek
J Appl Biomed 17:60, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.001
This study aimed to analyze the effect of fall risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) and drug-related factors relative to falls through clinical pharmacy service in hospitalized patients, focusing on the relevance of clinical pharmacist evaluation in the context of physician assessment. A prospective study of inpatient falls was conducted in 2017 retrieving data from 4 hospitals in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. An online database was developed to collect patient and fall-related data, and fall evaluation records. Healthcare professionals classified the overall effect of drugs on falls using Likert scale. Univariate and multivariate correlations were performed...
Volatile organic compounds of biofluids for detecting lung cancer by an electronic nose based on artificial neural network
Ehab I. Mohamed, Marwa A. Mohamed, Samir M. Abdel-Mageed, Taher S. Abdel-Mohdy, Mohamed I. Badawi, Samy H. Darwish
J Appl Biomed 17:67, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.006
Lung cancer (LC) incidence represents 11.5% of all new cancers, resulting in 1.72 million deaths worldwide in 2015. With the aim to investigate the capability of the electronic nose (e-nose) technology for detecting and differentiating complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds in biofluids ex-vivo, we enrolled 50 patients with suspected LC and 50 matching controls. Tissue biopsy was taken from suspicious lung mass for histopathological evaluation and blood, exhaled breath, and urine samples were collected from all participants and qualitatively processed using e-nose. Odor-print patterns were further analysed using the principal component...
Deep stacked sparse auto-encoders for prediction of post-operative survival expectancy in thoracic lung cancer surgery
Mohammad Saber Iraji *
J Appl Biomed 17:75, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.007
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. The prognostic value of survival after lung cancer surgery has an important role in decision-making for surgeons and patients. The combination of clinical features and CT scan information for diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with lung cancer increases the accuracy of prediction using machine learning. Therefore, creating a computer intelligent method with low error and high accuracy to predict survival is an important challenge, and it is beneficial for decreasing mortality from lung cancer, and for planning treatment. In this work, we implemented a deep stacked sparse...
Improved prediction of CPAP failure using T90, age and gender
David Slouka, Monika Honnerova, Petr Hosek, Bretislav Gal, Ondrej Trcka, Tomas Kostlivy, Jana Landsmanova, David Havel, Martina Baneckova, Radek Kucera
J Appl Biomed 17:81, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.008
Sleep apnea syndrome is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In treating older patients, there is a special emphasis put on minimally invasive and conservative procedures and a simple method for predicting the potential for treatment success is essential. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first choice for treatment, however, it is not always successful. In cases where CPAP was unsuccessful, treatment with bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) is the next treatment option. In this study, we examine commonly evaluated respiratory parameters, obesity, and age relative to their ability to predict CPAP failure. We...
Pre-treatment with Empagliflozin ameliorates Cisplatin induced acute kidney injury by suppressing apoptosis
Maaly A. Abd Elmaaboud, Ahmed M. Kabel, Mohamed Elrashidy
J Appl Biomed 17:90, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.003
Dose-limiting nephrotoxicity restricts Cisplatin use in high therapeutic doses. Empagliflozin showed a reno-protective effect in diabetic nephropathy. We investigated if Empagliflozin can ameliorate Cisplatin nephrotoxicity whether used prophylactically or therapeutically. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control; (2) Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by single intraperitoneal dose; (3) Empagliflozin was given for 10 days before a single dose of Cisplatin; (4) a single dose of Cisplatin followed by Empagliflozin for 10 days; (5) received Empagliflozin only. Regular assessment of weight was done, biochemical evaluation for serum...
Review Article
Genetically engineered CAR T-immune cells for cancer therapy: recent clinical developments, challenges, and future directions
Sherien M. El-Daly, Jihan Hussein
J Appl Biomed 17:11, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.005
Cancer immunotherapy offers tremendous clinical outcomes in cancer management with the potential to induce sustained remission in patients with refractory disease. One of these immunotherapy modalities is the adoptive transfer of autologous T-cells that are genetically engineered ex vivo to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). These receptors can direct T-cells to the surface antigens of tumor cells to initiate an efficient and specific cytotoxic response against tumor cells. This review elucidates the structural features of CAR T-cells and their different generations reaching the recent 4th generation (TRUCK). The step-wise treatment...
Takayasu arteritis - epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
Dominika Podgórska, Rafa³ Podgórski, David Aebisher, Piotr D±browski
J Appl Biomed 17:20, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.005
Takayasu disease belongs to the group of autoimmune vasculitis which most often affects the aorta and its branches. It is rare, and it mainly affects young women. Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that Takayasu arteritis is being increasingly recognized in Europe. The first symptoms are non-specific and an early diagnosis is difficult and requires clinical awareness and suspicion. Patients with Takayasu arteritis often present increased inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, but systemic inflammatory response does not always show a positive correlation with inflammatory activity in the vessel wall....
Cobalt in athletes: hypoxia and doping - new crossroads
Anatoly V. Skalny, Irina P. Zaitseva, Yordanka G. Gluhcheva, Andrey A. Skalny, Evgeny E. Achkasov, Margarita G. Skalnaya, Alexey A. Tinkov
J Appl Biomed 17:28, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.003
Cobalt is an essential trace element that is known to mimic hypoxia and hypoxic training. Inorganic Co compounds are capable of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation, resulting in up-regulation of gene expression including erythropoietin (Epo). Experimental studies have demonstrated that Co treatment may increase hypoxic tolerance of different tissues, improve muscle metabolism and exercise performance. Other mechanisms may also involve modulation of steroid hormone and iron metabolism. Based on these experimental studies, in 2017 inorganic cobalt compounds were added into the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list as doping agents....
Selected rare paediatric communication neurological disorders
Blanka Klimova, Martin Valis, Jakub Hort, Kamil Kuca
J Appl Biomed 17:33, 2019 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.002
The purpose of this review is to discuss rare neurological disorders with respect to communication difficulties typical of children. Firstly, communication disorders with special focus on rare communication neurological disorders are discussed. Secondly, on the basis of literature review, the authors explore clinical studies on the most typical rare children's communication neurological disorders. Thirdly, on the basis of the findings from the clinical studies, they set a few recommendations for their medical therapies and management. The methodology was based on the literature review of research studies exploring the research issue. The findings show...