Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2025 (vol. 23), issue 3
Original Research Article
Elevated plasma levels of cell-free mtDNA are associated with acute rejection following heart transplantation
Dana Dlouhá, Kristýna Janoušková, Šárka Chytilová, Jevgenija Vymětalová, Marianna Lukášová, Šárka Nováková, Eva Rohlová, Jaroslav A. Hubáček
J Appl Biomed 23:97-106, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.014 
Acute rejection (AR) following heart transplantation (HTx) is a common complication, especially in the early post-HTx period. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), released into circulation from stressed mitochondria, mimics ongoing immune activation and facilitates the release of pro-inflammatory substances. Our study aimed to assess cell-free mtDNA levels to identify early indicators of acute rejection progression. The absolute concentration of cf-mtDNA (cp/μl) was measured in 77 adult patients using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Blood samples (n = 300) were collected before their corresponding biopsy according to the timeline within the...
Serum xanthine oxidoreductase and oxidative stress are associated with bladder cancer: a case-control study from Jordan
Lina Elsalem, Abrar A. Aleikish, Nosayba Al-Azzam, Mahmoud A. Alfaqih, Haneen A. Basheer, Omar Halalsheh
J Appl Biomed 23:107-116, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.015
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an oxidant enzyme that exists mainly in two distinct forms: the dehydrogenase form [xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)] and the oxidized form [xanthine oxidase (XO)]. XO might contribute to tumorigenesis through direct metabolic activation of carcinogens and indirect generation of free radicals. Oxidative stress is one of the leading causes of bladder cancer (BC). Smoking and genetic susceptibility are also linked to oxidative stress and BC. This study investigated the association between XO serum levels and XOR genetic polymorphisms with BC. A case-control study was conducted among 109 BC patients and 109 controls...
Characteristics of healthy sinonasal microbiome - single-centre study in the Czech Republic
Kristýna Mamiňák, Karla Janoušková, Richard Holý, Alžběta Prášilová, Tomáš Filipovský, Daniel Kovář, Jaromír Astl
J Appl Biomed 23:117-125, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.012
Introduction: The human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses host a complex and dynamic microbiome which has a crucial role in mucosal immunity. A comprehensive profile of the healthy sinonasal microbiome remains limited. The purpose of our study was to characterize the healthy sinonasal microbiome in adults using 16S rRNA long-read sequencing to enable species-level resolution, and to assess its associations with demographical and clinical factors such as smoking, allergy history, and olfactory function. Study design: We performed a prospective, single-centre study analysing middle meatus samples from 27 healthy individuals undergoing septoplasty in...
Epidemiology of late postoperative bleeding in OSA-related tonsil surgery: a multicentric retrospective study
Jan Vodička, Martin Chovanec, Milan Urík, Břetislav Gál, Rami Katra, Petr Škopek, Veronika Glumbíková, Anna Švejdová, Zdeněk Knížek, Jan Kolín, Hana Doležalová, Libor Sychra, Patrik Bursa, Lenka Jetmarová, Silvia Berková, Pavel Strejček, Josef Hájek, Tomáš Kostlivý, David Slouka
J Appl Biomed 23:126-137, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.016
Introduction: Tonsil-related procedures are considered fundamental and effective in the surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The range of techniques includes intratonsillar approaches, such as tonsillotomy (TT), as well as extracapsular procedures, such as tonsillectomy (TE) and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). Patients undergoing these procedures span all age groups, from children to seniors. Methods: This multicentric retrospective study, conducted between 2014 and 2018, analysed data from 3,498 patients who underwent bilateral TT, TE, or UPPP for OSA or ronchopathy. The cohort included 2,221 men (63.49%) and 1,277 women (36.51%)....
Applying the technology ORBEYETM exoscope in transoral exoscopic laryngeal surgery: single centre prospective study
Richard Holý, Tomáš Filipovský, Eva Lukavcová, David Kalfeřt, Pavol Praženica, Petra Dytrych, Jiří Hložek, Jan Rotnágl, Daniel Kovář, Jaromír Astl
J Appl Biomed 23:138-143, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.010
Introduction: ORBEYETM exoscope offers superior visualization with clearer imaging compared to standard methods and supports narrow band imaging (NBI). ORBEYETM provides better visualization of tissue structures, thus increasing the accuracy of the surgical procedure. The systematic use of ORBEYETM in transoral exoscopic laryngeal surgery (TOLES) is rarely documented. This study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of TOLES using ORBEYETM with white light and NBI modalities. Methods: Between 8/2021 and 8/2024, 84 patients underwent TOLES using ORBEYETM with white light and NBI modes. All surgeries...
Influence of the antidiabetic drug metformin on the aquatic crustacean Daphnia magna
Martina Poncarová, Šárka Klementová, Michal Šorf
J Appl Biomed 23:144-151, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.011
Background: The antidiabetic drug metformin has been repeatedly detected in surface waters worldwide. This study investigates the effects of the environmentally relevant concentration of metformin on a non-target aquatic organism - a freshwater crustacean, Daphnia magna, with an emphasis on the stress response of daphnids and the long-term effects on their consecutive generations. Methods: The chronic toxicity test and the consecutive generations test were inspired by the OECD method. The total antioxidant capacity (Trolox equivalent - TEAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity were related to the protein content...
Secondary metabolites from halotolerant filamentous fungi as potential topical cosmeceutical ingredients
Chi Hoang, Ha Tran, Hang Tran, Diep Hoang, Quan Nguyen, Cuong Le
J Appl Biomed 23:152-162, 2025 | DOI: 10.32725/jab.2025.013
The use of natural products in cosmetics and pharmacy has risen dramatically in recent years, leading to the overexploitation of flora and fauna worldwide and threatening the environmental sustainability. Microbe-derived components could help to solve the problem due to their independently controllable cultural property. To investigate the potential of microfungi for producing potential novel cosmeceuticals, cerevisterol (1), aloesol (2), 3β,5α,9α-trihydroxyergosta-7,22-diene-6-one (3), and ergosterol peroxide (4) were isolated from the halotolerant fungal strains Penicillium brefeldianum CL6 and Talaromyces...