Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2016 (vol. 14), issue 4

Contents

J Appl Biomed 14:v, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/S1214-021X(16)30231-9  

Evaluation of mucoadhesive oral films containing nystatin

Markéta Gajdošová, David Vetchý, Petr Doležel, Jan Gajdziok, Hana Landová, Jan Muselík, Jiří Zeman, Zdeněk Knotek, Karel Hauptman, Vladimír Jekl

J Appl Biomed 14:247-256, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.05.002  

The aim of the presented research was the preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of mucoadhesive oral films containing nystatin. Multivariate data analysis was used to evaluate an innovative approach, in which a combination of different mucoadhesive polymers was employed. The purpose of this was to assess the effects of such a combination on non-woven insoluble carmellose textile as a drug-release modifier in the structure of the film.It was observed that the mucoadhesive films prepared using polyethylene oxide were more plastic, showed less mechanical resistance and shorter in vitro residence time in comparison with...

Evaluation of physicochemical and stability properties of human growth hormone upon enzymatic PEGylation

Bahman Khameneh, Mohammad Reza Saberi, Mohammad Hassanzadeh-Khayyat, Hamid Mohammadpanah, Morteza Ghandadi, Mehrdad Iranshahi, Ali Baratian, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari

J Appl Biomed 14:257-264, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.06.002  

BackgroundPEGylation is an increasingly important strategy for improving stability, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of proteins.ObjectiveIn this study, site-specific PEGylated human growth hormone (hGH) was prepared by microbial transglutaminase and physicochemical and stability properties of bioconjugates were tested.MethodhGH was PEGylated by 20 kDa mPEG-NH₂. PEG-hGH was purified by size exclusion chromatography method and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, IEF gel and CD spectroscopy methods. Physicochemical properties, size and zeta potentials, of native and PEGylated hGH were evaluated by Dynamic Light Scattering...

Combination of the essential oil constituents α-pinene and β-caryophyllene as a potentiator of trypanocidal action on Trypanosoma evansi

Renata G. Amaral, Matheus D. Baldissera, Thirssa H. Grando, Jéssica C.M. Couto, Christopher P. Posser, Andiara P. Ramos, Michele R. Sagrillo, Rodrigo A. Vaucher, Aleksandro S. Da Silva, Ana P. Becker, Silvia G. Monteiro

J Appl Biomed 14:265-272, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.04.004  

The effect of the combination of α-pinene and β-caryophyllene on the proliferation of the Trypanosoma evansi was analyzed. These compounds were added individually and in combination at different concentrations to T. evansi cultures, and the in vivo study used mice of 1.0 and 1.5 mL kg^-1 of α-pinene and β-caryophyllene individually and in combination against T. evansi. In order to evaluate the in vitro safety, lymphocytes and VERO cells were assessed using tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. The trypanocidal effect of α-pinene and β-caryophyllene was observed in vitro when...

Cell wall distracting anti-Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus compound PVI331 from a marine sponge associated Streptomyces

Appadurai Muthamil Iniyan, Thankaraj Rajam Jabila Mary, Francis-Joseph Rosemary Sharmila Joseph, Rajaretinam Rajesh Kannan, Samuel Gnana Prakash Vincent

J Appl Biomed 14:273-283, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.04.003  

Isolation of unexplored frontier molecules are needed to treat multidrug resistant pathogens especially Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A marine sponge endosymbiotic Streptomyces albus ICN33 produces an anti-MRSA metabolite is reported. The crude extract exhibited anti-MRSA activity and the active principle was isolated through fermentation and chromatographic techniques. A compound PVI331 with a molecular mass of 506 Da have been determined by high resolution mass spectrometry. LC-MS based dereplication analysis had revealed that the detected compound PVI331 as unknown. The antibacterial assay of the compound PVI331...

Effects of fullerenol nanoparticles and amifostine on radiation-induced tissue damages: Histopathological analysis

Jacevic Vesna, Jovic Danica, Kuca Kamil, Dragojevic-Simic Viktorija, Dobric Silva, Trajkovic Sanja, Borisev Ivana, Segrt Zoran, Milovanovic Zoran, Bokonjic Dubravko, Djordjevic Aleksandar

J Appl Biomed 14:285-297, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.05.004  

Fullerenol C₆₀(OH)₂₄ nanoparticles (FNP) are promising radioprotectors in prevention of early and late ionizing radiation injury. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of FNP and amifostine (AMI) in protection of rats exposed to whole-body X-ray irradiation (7 or 8 Gy). Both compounds (FNP, 100 mg/kg ip; AMI, 300 mg/kg ip) were given 30 min before irradiation throughout the study. The general radioprotective efficacy of FNP and AMI were evaluated in rats irradiated with an absolutely lethal dose of X-rays (8 Gy) and their survival were monitored during the period of 30 days after irradiation. Both compounds...

Investigation of betahistine dihydrochloride biocompatibility and nasal permeability in vitro

Bissera Pilicheva, Milena Draganova-Filipova, Plamen Zagorchev, Margarita Kassarova

J Appl Biomed 14:299-305, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.06.001  

Betahistine dihydrochloride, which is widely prescribed for the treatment of symptoms associated with Meniere's syndrome, is generally administered orally in solid or liquid formulations. There is a strong need of profound investigation of alternative routes of administration of betahistine to overcome difficulties related to oral administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate betahistine cytotoxicity and permeability in vitro and to assess the drug's relevance for incorporation in drug delivery systems for nasal administration. RPMI epithelial model was used to evaluate drug permeability in vitro. The cytotoxicity of betahistine was assessed...

Carnosol ameliorates monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis by targeting NF-κB and Nrf-2 in primary rat chondrocytes

Jun Wang, Guang Yang, Yong-Xin Hua, Tao Sun, Chen Gao, Qing Xia, Bin Li

J Appl Biomed 14:307-314, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.05.001  

Oxidative stress and NF-κB signaling plays a major role in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. In the present study, we analyzed the potent role of carnosol against osteoarthritis in cells treated using monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) model through in vitro studies. MIA caused dose-dependent cell death and induced programmed cell death by increasing subG1 accumulation and caspase-3 expressions. MIA caused oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and further induced NF-κB expression and down regulated Nrf-2 levels. Pre-treatment with carnosol significantly protected the cells by reducing the oxidative stress...

Colorimetric sensor based on bubble wrap and camera phone for glucose determination

Pavla Martinkova, Miroslav Pohanka

J Appl Biomed 14:315-319, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.05.003  

Glucose is a typical marker of diabetes mellitus but it corresponds also with metabolic syndrome, immune disorders and some types of poisoning. Hence fast, low cost and simple method for its determination is required. Bubble wrap, cheap and available material, was used for immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) and peroxidase (POx), the enzymes necessary for colorimetric determination of glucose. Method is based on reaction of enzymes (immobilized in sol-gel membrane inside the bubbles) with substrates glucose and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (o-PD) providing intensive coloration. The color change can be easily tracked by phone integrated camera....

Solid-state NMR study of discrete environments of bone mineral nanoparticles using phosphorus-31 relaxation

Agnieszka Kaflak, Dariusz Chmielewski, Waclaw Kolodziejski

J Appl Biomed 14:321-330, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.07.001  

Bone mineral nanoparticles, residing between collagenous fibres, contain a crystalline apatite core (CAC) covered by an amorphous hydrated surface layer (AHSL). The main objectives of this work were to characterize the nanoparticles of human bone mineral and their discrete CAC and AHSL regions and relate this information to bone diseases. This pilot study involved 18 postmenopausal women suffering from osteoarthritis together with osteoporosis or osteopenia. Trabecular tissue specimens were acquired from the femoral intertrochanteric region during total hip arthroplasty. The specimens of whole bone were examined by ³¹P solid-state NMR (ssNMR)...