Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2018 (vol. 16), issue 3

Contents

J Appl Biomed 16:v, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/S1214-021X(18)30269-2  

Effect of gender, age, diet and smoking status on the circadian rhythm of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of healthy Indians

Ranjana Singh, Abbas Ali Mahdi, Raj Kumar Singh, Cathy Lee Gierke, Germaine Cornelissen

J Appl Biomed 16:180-185, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.003  

Background/ObjectivesTo determine effects of gender, age, diet, and smoking status on circadian rhythm characteristics of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).Subjects/MethodsAscorbic acid was measured spectrophotometrically in serum collected from 162 healthy volunteers (103 males and 59 females; 7-75 years) every 6 h for 24 h (4 samples). Data were analyzed by single and population mean cosinor. Effects of gender, age, diet (vegetarian vs. omnivore), and smoking status on the rhythm-adjusted mean (MESOR) and circadian amplitude were examined by multiple analysis of variance.ResultsA circadian rhythm is documented with statistical significance...

Oral melatonin administration improves the objective and subjective sleep quality, increases 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels and total antioxidant capacity in patients with fibromyalgia

M. Yolanda Castaño, Maria Garrido, Jonathan Delgado-Adámez, Sara Martillanes, M. Ángeles Gómez, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez

J Appl Biomed 16:186-191, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.005  

Background/objectiveChronic pain, sleep disturbances and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of melatonin supplementations on sleep quality, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6-s) levels, as well as urinary and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in patients with fibromyalgia.MethodsThirty three patients carried out the full study. A baseline period (10 days) was included in the experimental design to collect information about patients' initial status. Then, patients took different doses of melatonin, during 10 consecutive days each. Placebo was given during 10 days...

Influence of skin permeation enhancers on the transdermal delivery of palonosetron: An in vitro evaluation

Anroop B. Nair, Shery Jacob, Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab, Rakan Naser Alhumam

J Appl Biomed 16:192-197, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.12.003  

It is proposed that the low skin permeation potential of palonosetron could be enhanced by the inclusion of chemical permeation enhancers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of various chemical enhancers on the transdermal permeation of palonosetron. Different drugs in adhesive transdermal patches (F1-F5) were prepared using five pressure sensitive adhesives; Duro-Tak 87-4098, Duro-Tak 87-2074, Duro-Tak 87-900A, Duro-Tak 87-9301 and Duro-Tak 87-2287. Patches prepared using Duro-Tak 87-9301 (F5) was further combined with four well-known chemical enhancers. The influence of permeation enhancers (propylene glycol, diethylene glycol...

Induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis using Alnus japonica extracts in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells

Seong-Eun Kim, Yon-Suk Kim, Woen-Bin Shin, Jin-Su Park, Sang-Ho Moon, Byong-Tae Jeon, Pyo-Jam Park

J Appl Biomed 16:198-207, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.008  

Alnus japonica has been used as a traditional oriental medicine for many diseases such as fever, haemorrhage and alcoholism. In this study, A. japonica extracts were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant potentials and anticancer effects in AGS human gastric carcinoma cell line. The antioxidant properties of A. japonica extracts were evaluated using several biochemical assays, including FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay, ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), alkyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity assay. Our study showed that ethanol...

NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities and purine levels in serum of sickle cell anemia patients

Lívia G. Castilhos, Stephen A. Adefegha, Pedro H. Doleski, Tatiana M.D. Bertoldo, Cesar Eduardo J. Moritz, Emerson A. Casali, Daniela B.R. Leal

J Appl Biomed 16:208-213, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.12.004  

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary disorder that is characterized by tendency of hemoglobin molecules within the erythrocytes to polymerize under hypoxia conditions, deform the red cells, and promote vaso-occlusion and endothelial damage. This disease may be associated with the extracellular release of nucleotides, particularly ATP, ADP and adenosine into the circulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible changes in adenine nucleotides and nucleoside metabolizing enzymes as well as their levels in serum of SCA patients. NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities were evaluated in serum obtained from blood...

Quantification of uPA in breast tumour tissue extracts by microarray immunoassay: Comparison with ELISA technology

Liu Shi, Thomas Gehin, Yann Chevolot, William Jacot, Pierre-Jean Lamy, Emmanuelle Laurenceau

J Appl Biomed 16:214-220, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.001  

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and PA inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) play important roles in breast cancer metastasis through cell migration and invasion. They are clinically applicable prognostic and predictive markers. High levels of uPA and PAI-1 are associated with high risk of recurrence and adjuvant chemotherapy provides substantial benefit for this breast cancer population. The current sole validated method for quantifying uPA level in breast tumour tissue is ELISA assay. It requires 50-300 mg of fresh or frozen tissue, which is the main limitation for routine use. In this study, we evaluated the performances of customized antibody microarray...

Fruit waste (peel) as bio-reductant to synthesize silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities

Annu, Shakeel Ahmed, Gurpreet Kaur, Praveen Sharma, Sandeep Singh, Saiqa Ikram

J Appl Biomed 16:221-231, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.002  

Since last decade, biogenic synthesis of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticles is emerging as an alternative method, which is environment friendly, simple and safe to use. In this article, fruit waste (peel) extract (FWE) of three citrus fruits viz. Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus limetta were used as bio-reductant for green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). As-synthesised AgNPs were characterized by using UV-vis spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering, and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy. TEM studies revealed 9-46 nm size range of synthesized AgNPs. The antimicrobial and antioxidant...

Lectin-based analysis of human milk immunoglobulin G fucosylated variants in relation to milk maturation and perinatal risk factors

Jolanta Lis-Kuberka, Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz, Barbara Królak-Olejnik, Marta Berghausen-Mazur, Karolina Barańska, Iwona Kątnik-Prastowska

J Appl Biomed 16:232-240, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.001  

BackgroundFucosylated glycotopes of milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) are ligands in reactions of biological recognition protecting newborns against infection and ensuring proper development.Materials and methodsRelative amounts of IgG fucosyl-glycovariants in milk of mothers giving birth to term and premature newborns (term and preterm milk groups) were analysed by lectin-IgG-ELISA using α1,2-, α1,3-, and α1,6-fucose specific biotinylated Ulex europaeus (UEA), Tetragonolobus purpureus (LTA), and Lens culinaris (LCA) lectins, respectively.ResultsThe term and preterm milk IgG glycovariants were highly...

Effect of selected 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxanilides on viability and sulfate metabolism of Desulfovibrio piger

Ivan Kushkevych, Monika Vítězová, Jiří Kos, Peter Kollár, Josef Jampílek

J Appl Biomed 16:241-246, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.004  

An increased number of sulfate-reducing bacteria is often isolated from faeces of patients with gastrointestinal diseases, which can be the cause of the development of bowel inflammation. Frequent use of antibiotics causes the resistance of intestinal microorganisms and ineffective treatment of these diseases. The antimicrobial activity and biological properties of the selected ring-substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxanilides against Desulfovibrio piger Vib-7 were studied. The addition of these compounds in the cultivation medium inhibited the bacterial growth and the process of sulfate reduction dose-dependently. A significant cytotoxic...

Cell-free nucleic acids in urine as potential biomarkers of kidney disease

Marianna Gyurászová, Alexandra Kovalčíková, Janka Bábíčková, Július Hodosy, Ľubomíra Tóthová

J Appl Biomed 16:157-164, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.007  

Kidney and uropoetic system diseases represent a major social, economic and health burden. This is mainly because early diagnosis of kidney dysfunction is currently unavailable, since the current markers are often reliably increased only after advanced progression of the renal diseases. Recently, circulating nucleosomes, DNA and numerous forms of RNA have been detected in human biological fluids, such as plasma, urine, saliva, and breast milk. Although their biological functions remain mostly unknown, they are attractive as potential biomarkers of various diseases. In urine, many of the circulating nucleic acids originate from the cells of the kidney...

A survey on applying machine learning techniques for management of diseases

Enas M.F. El Houby

J Appl Biomed 16:165-174, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.002  

During the past years, the increase in scientific knowledge and the massive data production have caused an exponential growth in databases and repositories. Biomedical domain represents one of the rich data domains. An extensive amount of biomedical data is currently available, ranging from details of clinical symptoms to various types of biochemical data and outputs of imaging devices. Manually extracting biomedical patterns from data and transforming them into machine-understandable knowledge is a difficult task because biomedical domain comprises huge, dynamic, and complicated knowledge. Data mining is capable of improving the quality of extracting...

Legislation, regulation and policies issues of orphan drugs in developed countries from 2010 to 2016

Petra Maresova, Blanka Klimova, Kamil Kuca

J Appl Biomed 16:175-179, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.04.002  

The purpose of this study is to evaluate current legislative policies and regulations with respect to the use of orphan drugs, to emphasize strengths and weaknesses of these policies in the period of 2010-2016 in European countries, especially in relation to the objectives set by the European Council in 2009. This was done by the method of literature search in the databases PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 2010 to 2016. The findings show a lack of polices for the appraisal and reimbursement of orphan drugs, a lack of uniform European legislation and different orphan drugs expenditure.