Journal of Applied Biomedicine, 2018 (vol. 16), issue 4

Contents

J Appl Biomed 16:v-vi, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/S1214-021X(18)30382-X  

Effect of Pseuduvaria macrophylla in attenuating hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and inflammatory response in STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats by upregulating insulin secretion and glucose transporter-1, 2 and 4 proteins expression

Hairin Taha, Aditya Arya, Ataul Karim Khan, Nayiar Shahid, Mohammed Ibrahim Bin Noordin, Syam Mohan

J Appl Biomed 16:263-273, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.004  

Pseuduvaria macrophylla (Family: Annonaceae) is commonly used as medicinal plant in Malaysia. A recent study with the Pseuduvaria species showed antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. This study aimed to ascertain antidiabetic potential of methanolic extract of Pseuduvaria macrophylla bark (PM) using streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat models. Various phytochemical and biochemical properties of the plant have been evaluated. The results showed that the extract has potentially normalized the elevated blood glucose levels by upregulating the insulin and C-peptide levels and alleviated oxidative stress by improving glutathione...

Naringenin alleviates high D-glucose-induced injuries through upregulation of microRNA-30d-5p level in human AC16 cardiac cells

Jiamei Jiang, Guobiao Liang, Zijun Wu, Hailiang Mo, Qiong You, Zhiqiang Wang, Keng Wu, Runmin Guo

J Appl Biomed 16:274-280, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.005  

As a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is considered to be one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. The therapeutic effects of naringenin have been verified in the treatment of various human diseases. However, the application of naringenin in the treatment of DCM still has not been reported. In this study, human AC16 cardiac cells were treated with normal d-glucose and high d-glucose (HG). After transfection with miR-30d-5p inhibitor, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to measure cell viability. Hoechst 33258 staining was performed to observe the morphological changes of nucleus. Enzyme-linked...

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of polyphenols isolated from virgin coconut oil attenuate cadmium-induced oxidative stress-mediated nephrotoxicity and inflammation in rats

Ademola C. Famurewa, Abumchukwu J. Ejezie, Chioma S. Ugwu-Ejezie, Ebele J. Ikekpeazu, Fidelis E. Ejezie

J Appl Biomed 16:281-288, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.003  

PurposeCadmium (Cd) is a classic cumulative nephrotoxicant and literature suggests that its toxicity is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation which contribute to pathologies in various tissues. We sought to investigate whether polyphenols isolated from virgin coconut oil (VCO) would modulate nephrotoxicity and inflammation induced by Cd in rats.MethodsRats were administered polyphenols prior to and along with Cd (5 mg/kg, orally) for 7 weeks. Serum markers of renal damage, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated; renal activities of antioxidant enzymes, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA)...

Phytochemical analysis and assessment of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some medicinal plant species from Egyptian flora

Rania Al-Tohamy, Sameh Samir Ali, Khalil Saad-Allah, Mervat Fareed, Asmaa Ali, Anwer El-Badry, Nessma Ahmed El-Zawawy, Jian Wu, Jianzhong Sun, Guang-Hua Mao, Parveen Fatemeh Rupani

J Appl Biomed 16:289-300, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.08.001  

Plants offer unlimited source of bioactive compounds that have tremendous applications in pharmaceutical industry. To find new sources of antioxidants and antimicrobial agents against pan-drug resistant (PDR) pathogens of skin burn infections, methanolic extracts of nine Egyptian plants were evaluated. Total phenolic content varied from 19.48 to 65.48mg GAE/g dry weight (dw). Total flavonoid content varied from 2.90 to 11.09mg QE/g dw, while total alkaloid content varied from 18 to 60mg/g dw. Suaeda vermiculata, Varthemia candicans and Arthrocnemum glaucum showed the highest content of phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids, respectively....

Berbamine protects the heart from isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction by modulating eNOS and iNOS expressions in rats

Sithuraj Saranya, ViswanadhaVijaya Padma

J Appl Biomed 16:301-310, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.06.001  

AimThe current study was designed to investigate the effect of berbamine (BBM) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced changes in cardiac marker enzymes, myocardial oxidative stress, lipid profile and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in male Wistar rats. Rats were pretreated with BBM (25 mg/kg) through intraperitoneal injection for 7 days followed by induction of myocardial infarction (MI) by subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg) for last two days. Key findings: In the present study, the histopathological findings of the heart tissue showed that BBM treatment significantly minimized the...

Red American ginseng enhances the effect of fluorouracil on human colon cancer cells via both paraptosis and apoptosis pathways

Jin-Yi Wan, Haiqiang Yao, Chun-Feng Zhang, Wei-Hua Huang, Qihui Zhang, Zhi Liu, Yi Bi, Stephanie Williams, Chong-Zhi Wang, Chun-Su Yuan

J Appl Biomed 16:311-319, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.002  

IntroductionAs a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, fluorouracil (5-FU) has serious dose-limiting side effects. In this study, we evaluated the synergy between red American ginseng (RAG) and 5-FU on human colorectal cancer cells, and explored the potential mechanisms.MethodsGinsenoside contents of white American ginseng (WAG) and RAG were determined by HPLC. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay. Combination Index (CI) analysis was executed using CompuSyn software. Paraptotic events were observed after crystal violet staining. Cell cycle distribution, cyclin A expression and apoptotic induction were analyzed using flow cytometry.ResultsWe...

Chemopreventive action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 9,10-dimethylbenzanthracene induced lung carcinogenesis in BALB/C mice: Expression of COX-1, COX-2 and Nf-κB

Ravi Kishore Saini, Sankar Nath Sanyal, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti

J Appl Biomed 16:320-327, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.03.002  

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play an effective chemopreventive action against a variety of cancers. The present study aimed at targeting pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase (COX) and NF-kB mediated inflammatory pathways in 9,10-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induced lung cancer in BALB/C mice and chemoprotective action of NSAIDs. Animals were divided into five groups and treated with NSAIDs, intratracheally, daily for a period of 18 weeks. Group 1 as control, received vehicle treatment; Group 2 received single dose of DMBA (10 mg/kg bw); Group 3, 4 and 5 besides DMBA treatment, also received Aspirin (60 mg/kg bw), Celecoxib (6.0 mg/kg...

A proteomic glimpse into the oncogenesis of prostate cancer

Patrícia Borba Martiny, Diego Duarte Alcoba, Brasil Silva Neto, Paulo Costa Carvalho, Ilma Simoni Brum

J Appl Biomed 16:328-336, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.003  

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer in men worldwide. Distinguishing between the nonaggressive and aggressive forms of this disease is difficult, and a means to better characterize molecular patterns that could aid in diagnosis is urgently needed. Here, we compare the proteomic profiles of PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in an effort to elucidate underlying mechanisms of oncogenesis. We compared protein expression in PCa and BPH tissue biopsies using quantitative tandem mass tag (TMT) and a MultiNotch data acquisition proteomic on an Orbitrap Fusion. Four proteins that were observed to be differentially abundant in the...

Topic application of meloxicam-loaded polymeric nanocapsules as a technological alternative for treatment of the atopic dermatitis in mice

Douglas Mroginski Weber, Guilherme Teixeira Voss, Renata Leivas de Oliveira, Caren A.R. da Fonseca, Jaini Paltian, K.C. Rodrigues, Francine Rodrigues Ianiski, R.A. Vaucher, Cristiane Luchese, Ethel Antunes Wilhelm

J Appl Biomed 16:337-343, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.03.003  

This study investigated the effect of the topical treatment with meloxicam-loaded nanocapsules (M-NC) on symptoms, inflammatory response and oxidative parameters in an atopic dermatitis (AD) model in BALB/c mice. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was applied to the dorsal skin on days 1-3 for sensitization. Mice were challenged with DNCB on the ear (on days 14-29) and dorsal skin (on days 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, and 29). Treatments with blank nanocapsules (B-NC), free meloxicam (M-F) or M-NC were applied to the backs of the mice from days 14 to 29. On the day 30, skin severity scores and scratching behaviour were determined. After that, ears and dorsal skin...

Positive association between the progression of idiopathic scoliosis and the common variant near the LBX1 gene in Southeast European population

Svetla Nikolova, Milka Dikova, Dobrin Dikov, Assen Djerov, Alexey Savov, Ivo Kremensky, Alexandre Loukanov

J Appl Biomed 16:344-349, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.07.001  

This report investigates the positive association between curve progression of Southeast European population and one of the most significant polymorphisms of idiopathic scoliosis (IS). The association between rs11190870 near the ladybird homeobox 1 (LBX1) gene, the curve severity (case-control study) and the curve pattern (case-only study) was explored among 155 IS Caucasian patients and 254 unrelated controls. The genotyping of rs11190870 was carried out by the TaqMan real-time amplification technology. The results revealed the existence of a statistically significant association between rs11190870, downstream of the LBX1 gene and IS predisposition...

JNK inhibitor CC-930 reduces fibrosis in a murine model of Nf1-deficient fracture repair

Nikita Deo, Jad El-Hoss, Mille Kolind, Kathy Mikulec, Lauren Peacock, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler

J Appl Biomed 16:350-357, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.006  

Tibial pseudarthrosis often features deficient bone formation, excessive bone resorption, and extensive pathological fibrosis, particularly in individuals with Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1). It was hypothesized that overactive NF1-Ras-JNK signalling may underlie the pathological fibrosis, and that this could be treated via a JNK antagonist. CC-930, a small molecule JNK inhibitor, was trialed in closed fractures in wild type mice CC-930 (25 mg/kg/twice daily) was dosed throughout fracture healing (D2-21) and during the latter stages of repair (D11-21). All fractures healed by D21, regardless of treatment, with some of the CC-930 (D11-21) treatment...

RIG-1 and MDA5 are the important intracellular sensors against bacteria in septicemia suffering patients

Asieh Asadpour-Behzadi, Ashraf Kariminik

J Appl Biomed 16:358-361, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.009  

BackgroundMDA5 and RIG-1 are the important intracellular receptors which detect microbial associated molecular patterns. Septicemia is a condition in which infection enters the bloodstream of the patients. The main intracellular mechanisms against septicemia are yet to be clarified. Therefore, this research study was aimed to evaluate expression of MDA5 and RIG-1 in the patients suffering from septicemia in comparison to healthy controls.MethodsMDA5 and RIG-1 expression levels in 40 patients suffering from septicemia and 40 healthy controls were evaluated using Real-Time PCR technique. The sources of bacteria in the bloodstream of the patients...

Effect of different loads of treadmill exercise on Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in rat splenocytes

Zahra Gholamnezhad, Mohammad Hossein Boskabady, Mahmoud Hosseini

J Appl Biomed 16:362-369, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.001  

The effect of moderate and overtraining exercise on Th1/Th2 balance was evaluated in rat splenocytes. Male Wistar rats were divided into sedentary control (C), moderately trained (MT; V = 20 m/min, 30 min/day, 8 weeks), overtrained (OT; V = 25 m/min, 60 min/day, 11 weeks) and recovered after overtraining (OR) (OT plus 2 weeks recovery) groups. At the end of study, cell viability, proliferation, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion were evaluated in non-stimulated, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concavaline A (Con A)-stimulated splenocytes. Cell viability increased in MT and OR groups compared to control. Cell proliferation...

Pre-pregnancy stress suppressed the reproductive systems in parents and changed sex ratio in offspring

Maryam Mahmoodkhani, Ehsan Saboory, Shiva Roshan-Milani, Negar Azizi, Mojtaba Karimipour, Hojjat Sayyadi, Yousef Rasmi

J Appl Biomed 16:370-377, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.08.002  

This study aimed to investigate the effect of stress during spermatogenesis and oogenesis on reproductive performance in adult rats and sex ratio in offspring. The rats were subjected to predatory stress (exposed to a cat) twice a day for 50 (male) and 15 (female) consecutive days. At the end of the stress procedure, a number of control and stressed rats were considered to examine reproductive parameters and the rest was coupled as follows: both male and female control, male stressed/female control, male control/female stressed, and both male and female stressed. After parturition, the pups were counted, weighed, and gendered. Stress significantly...

In vitro antimalarial activity of synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles using Momordica charantia leaf extract against Plasmodium falciparum

Pachiyappan Rajiv Gandhi, Chidambaram Jayaseelan, Chinnaperumal Kamaraj, S.R. Radhika Rajasree, Rathinasamy Regina Mary

J Appl Biomed 16:378-386, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.04.001  

Malaria is a serious global health challenge, and it has infected millions of people worldwide. There is an urgent need for new antimalarial drugs and drug targets for both prophylaxis and chemotherapy. In the present study, we biosynthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) using the Momordica charantia leaf aqueous extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. TiO₂ NPs were characterized by UV, XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, EDX, DLS and Zeta-potential. The maximum activity of mosquitocidal was observed in the synthesized TiO₂ NPs against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae and pupae, LC₅₀...

Genetic association of Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin-18 and Interleukin 1 beta with the risk of coronary artery disease: A case-control study outcome from Kashmir

Nuzhat Shaheen Khan, Mohammad Sultan Allai, Bushra Nissar, Niyaz Ahmad Naykoo, Iqra Hameed, Misbah Majid, Aaliya Bhat, Falaque ul Afshan, Bashir Ahmad Ganai

J Appl Biomed 16:387-393, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.004  

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis in the arteries supplying myocardium. Inflammation is the cornerstone in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Amongst the various biomolecules tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) build an inflammatory bionetwork in developing the disease. In this study we investigated the association of TNF-α SNPs [-308G/A (rs1800629), -1031T/C (rs1799964), -863C/A (rs1800630)]; IL-18 [-137G/C (rs187238)] and IL-1β SNPs [+3954C/T (rs1143634), -31C/T (rs1143627), and -511C/T (rs16944)] with coronary...

Evaluation of hypotesticular activities of different solvent fractions of hydro-methanolic extract of the fruit of Terminalia chebula in Wistar strain adult albino rat: Genomic and flow cytometric approaches

Prabal Ghosh, Priety Gupta, Adrija Tripathy, Barnali Das, Debidas Ghosh

J Appl Biomed 16:394-400, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.08.003  

Fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) has male contraceptive folk medicine reputation but its molecular aspect regarding hypotesticular activity is still in dark. The study focused the hypotesticular efficacy of the most potent fraction out of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of hydro-methanolic (3:2) extract of Terminalia chebula in connection with male herbal contraceptive development.Treatment with above fractions of Terminalia chebula showed a significant diminution in the activities of androgenic key enzymes (Δ5, 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD) and inhibition in serum testosterone level...

Adipocytokines and new onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation

Dominika Goldmannová, Jaromíra Spurná, Ondřej Krystyník, Jan Schovánek, Lubica Cibičková, David Karásek, Josef Zadražil

J Appl Biomed 16:247-254, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.005  

Background and aimDiabetes mellitus is a very common metabolic disease with a rising incidence. It is one of the most serious comorbidities in renal transplant recipients. New-onset diabetes after renal transplantation (NODAT) is associated with poor graft function, higher rates of cardiovascular complications and a poor prognosis. Adipocytokines, synthetized by adipose tissue influence metabolic pathways and disorders in various ways. In this review article, we chose the most researched adipocytokines and evaluated their relationship to posttransplant diabetes mellitus. The aim of this paper is to summarize current knowledge and discuss their...

Therapeutic potential of rice-derived polyphenols on obesity-related oxidative stress and inflammation

Esther T. Callcott, Abishek B. Santhakumar, Jixun Luo, Christopher L. Blanchard

J Appl Biomed 16:255-262, 2018 | DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.03.001  

Global obesity rates are of epidemic proportion. With limited treatments available there is a large demand for therapeutic alternatives. Polyphenols derived from coloured rice varieties may serve as a potential functional food alternative in combating obesity and obesity-related diseases. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols found in coloured rice varieties could have the ability to neutralize oxidative stress and modulate inflammatory responses in obese populations. This review discusses polyphenols derived from rice, the oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways involved in obesity pathogenesis, bioavailability of polyphenols...